<p>Walking is the first manner of displacement for human and essential for daily life activities. The human gait can be analyzed from several points of view and specialization. The Ilizarov frame is an external fixation device, primarily used for the treatment of complex fractures which adversely affects the functional state of the locomotor system. The objective of this paper was to analyses the spatiotemporal parameters of gait during treatment by the Ilizarov technique.  <strong>Materials and methods:</strong>  The study consists of 6 males with lower limb injuries performed walking trials, with and without the Ilizarov frame. Gait analysis was carried out using a camera and Kinovea application. <strong>Results:</strong> walking speed (p = 0.385), stride length (p =0.325), cadence (p = 0.641), stance time of operated limb (p = 0.265), swing time of operated limb (p = 0.959), double support time of operated limb (p=0.227) respectively were all no important difference with Ilizarov and without it. The times (stance, swing, and double support) (p=0.018) for non-operated limb have significantly different with Ilizarov.</p>

Many women remain unaware of the negative effect of high-heeled shoes and the damage and significant changes they can cause in the human body. Studying the effect of high heels during walking shows biomechanical changes in the person wearing the shoes based on their influence on ankle joints, foot pressure distribution, and muscle activity, and changes in Ground Reaction Forces. This study examined the effects of high heels and smooth-soled court shoes using gait analysis. Experiments were conducted on five healthy volunteers, who were all young women without known diseases or muscle or bone injuries; most were also accustomed to wearing high heels on a daily basis. The volunteers’ average age was 22.4 years, the average height 160 cm, and the average weight 59.8 kg. Three types of high heels were used; each volunteer was thus required to walk barefoot, with 1 cm heels, 5 cm heels, and with 7cm heels. The result showed that the step length and ankle joint angle decreased as the heel height increased, causing the speed of gait to become slower and the cadence to increase, thus increasing vertical ground reaction force and the moment of the knee joint. Women should be advised not to wear shows with heel heights greater than 5 cm to reduce the injury risk and preserve comfort.

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Total hip replacement (THR) is an elective surgical procedure with the primary indication being pain relief. The aim of this study is to analyze gait dynamics for patients after they underwent a unilateral THR surgery and compare it with normal parameters. To investigate the gait dynamics a gait analysis was performed on five patients after they underwent a unilateral THR surgery; only two of them were examined before the surgery. The gait analysis was performed using a digital video camera with two force plates. Kinematics data were obtained from 2D trajectories of seven passive markers using SkillSpector software. MATLAB software has been used for inverse dynamics computation. General gait parameters, Harris Hip Score, joints’ angles, forces, moments and powers were obtained during gait cycle. It was found that the average of improvement in Harris Hip Score (for four patients who were examined 1.5, 2.5, 3 and 9 months after surgery) is 61.8 points, which is an indication of pain relief. In the other hand, the general gait parameters were found slightly lower than normal after THR surgery. The average hip reaction force was found to be 2.988 N/BW, which is within normal range. Also, the average of maximum hip extension and maximum hip flexion angles were found to be 25.69 and -13.524 degree respectively, which both are within normal ranges. Furthermore, hip, knee and ankle moments and powers results showed some abnormality. Therefore as a conclusion, patient satisfaction and functional improvement are not related to general gait parameter. And it is not unusual that gait mechanics improvement would not reach normal after months of recovery. Also, the results of gait dynamics which are from the engineer’s perspective are compatible with Harris Hip Score, which is from the physician’s perspective, in quantifying surgical results and subsequent recovery progress.

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