In this study, we aimed at obtaining a basic knowledge to effectively utilize a G-ball as a teaching material for "Body Building Exercise" by devising and instructing an exercise program using a G-ball, targeting 58 pupils in the third and fourth grades of an elementary school. For the research method, the formative class evaluation and the balance-capability measurement (sitting balance and rollover balance) were used.

In early childhood, it is necessary to experience various movements subjectively. Coaches need to devise environmental compositions for movement, and roles other than just to teach activities directly.This study focuses on "free time," using gymnastics as a tool in physical play activity classes for five-year-old nursery school children. This study discusses the coach's conduct during the free time.Young children's physical play activity environments should be built for not only the coaches' purposes or intentions, but also for the children's interaction with their created environment. Children, environments, and coaches form a circular interrelationship, suggesting that it may be necessary to consider these as one "gestalt."

During early childhood, children need to move their bodies spontaneously, mainly through various forms of play. To facilitate spontaneous physical play, it is necessary to be creative with environmental structures, and this is where physical play equipment performs an important role. This study focused on "bilibo," a toy that does not come with instructions for use. The study was conducted amongst 5-year-old children who were given bilibo play equipment with minimal guidance on how to use the toy, and their physical play activities were captured and analyzed. The forms of play that emerged fell into 5 main categories and 14 subcategories depending on how the play equipment was used, and it became clear that the children had devised various forms of play on their own in response to the diverse characteristics of the bilibo play equipment. The study showed that the spinning games were the most popular with respondents; specifically, the children were frequently observed to sit in the bilibo play equipment and pivot, wobble it or spin it, and play imitative games using the bilibo.

The purpose of this study was to obtain basic knowledge which was necessary for the coaching on the exercise using a Large-sized ball through the following two tasks.1) The deformation of each a Large-sized ball was measured and compared when an adult man performed static and dynamic exercise tasks on 7 kinds of a Large-sized balls.2) By using the characteristic a Large-sized balls that exhibited the largest and the smallest deformation, 10 adults performed the same exercise tasks on them; their inner reflection was compared.The result of the investigation was as follows.The deformation rate of each a Large-sized ball when static-weight exercise tasks were performed on it was different according to its kind. The smallest deformation rate was 10.5% and the largest deformation rate was 23.5%. In the case of the a Large-sized ball that exhibited the largest deformation rate, the part which touched the body of the performer sank and the position of the center of gravity of the performer was low, which tended to make it easier to perform the task.On the other hand, the deformation rate of each a Large-sized ball when dynamic-weight exercise tasks were performed on it was also different according to its kind. The smallest deformation rate was 16.4% and the largest deformation rate was 28.8%.70% of the subjects (7 persons) replied that they could perform the tasks "comfortably" on the a Large-sized ball which exhibited the smallest deformation rate, which showed the tendency that the material characteristics of elasticity of the ball could be utilized preferably.