The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanism of dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma (DBD‐CP) sterilizing function on milk and to analyze the influences of DBD‐CP on the structure and physicochemical performance of milk. It was verified that DBD‐CP sterilizing function resulted in a broken bacterial cell membrane, reduced activity of metabolic enzymes, and bacterial DNA destruction. DBD‐CP treatment would bring in some more stabilized structures obtained from scanning electron microscopy and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The values of color, viscosity, pH, and titratable acidity showed an acceptable physicochemical property with DBD‐CP treatment at 70 V (120 s) and 80 V (120 s). Therefore, it indicated that DBD‐CP could be used as a new sterilization method for milk.

A study was conducted to evaluate the relative biochemical basis of susceptibility of six commercial wheat varieties grown in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, against angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and construction of its life .4), and the intrinsic rate of increase was also higher on Pirsabak-2005 (30.7) than Sirin (15.9). With respect to doubling time being index of resistance, this time in Pirsabak-2005 was almost half (0.01 days) of the Sirin (0.02 days), which means that S. cerealella can develop more quickly on Pirsabak-2005 germplasm. In summation, relatively least susceptible wheat variety Sirin can be used to increase the level and diversify the basis of resistance to S. cerealella in the resistance breeding programs.

To obtain natural protein gels as delivery systems loading with probiotics and protect the probiotics from heat treatment, we fabricated casein-based gels using micellar casein concentrates (MCC) via microfiltration and then embedded with Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG (LGG). Rheological analysis indicated that MCC with a protein concentration of 12% would form gels greatly. The results of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the contents of macromolecule in the gels increased as the heat treatment time is prolonged. After heat treatment, a fibrillated structure and a more stable structure were obtained in MCC-LGG gels by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The different changes of rheological behavior and texture of the gels were evaluated using a rheometer and texture analyzer, respectively. Similarly, centrifugation could reduce the property modified by heat inducing and contribute to LGG embedding completely. Importantly, LGG with a survival rate of 7.12% was in the gels after heat treatment at 75 °C for 10 min. Results showed that MCC could offer a protecting circumstance for living LGG cells from heat treatment. Therefore, MCC-LGG gels would be a potential healthy food for improving intestinal microflora in the dairy industry.

In this work, a new online preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography was developed for the fast and efficient separation of complex chemical mixtures from natural products. This system integrates two chromatographic systems into an online automatic separation system using the technique of multiple trap columns with valve switching. The sample was first separated into 18 subfractions in the online preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography, and the sample eluents were then diluted and captured online on 18 trap columns by the multiple trap columns technique, respectively. Each subfraction retained on the trap column was transferred online to the separation column for the second separation. Finally, the target compounds were purified by appropriate separation conditions and multiple heart‐cutting strategies. Importantly, the system was successfully used to separate 18 high‐purity flavonoids from the crude extract of Epimedium koreanum Nakai online in one step. The entire separation time was approximately 20 h, and the structures were characterized by the high‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. This online preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography system represents an efficient and rapid separation system that has the potential for a wide array of applications in the separation of complex chemical components from natural products.