Two field experiments were carried out at western desert of Sohag Governorate, Egypt (latitude of 26 61' N, longitude of 31? 52 ' E and altitude of 72 m) in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons to find out the optimal plant age at harvest (180, 195 and 210 days from sowing) of the three multi-germ sugar beet varieties namely Hosam, Sahar and Kawemira under condition of a new reclaimed soil in Sohag. A Randomized complete blocks design using a splitplot arrangement with four replications was used in both seasons, where the main plots were devoted for sugar beet varieties, while plant ages of harvesting were randomly distributed in the sub plots. The results showed that sugar beet varieties differed significantly in all studied traits. Hosam variety was superior in root length, root yield/fed and root fresh weight/plant in both seasons. However Kawemira variety had the thickest root diameter and heaviest top fresh weight/fed in both seasons, as well as TSS% in the1 st one. Sahar variety attained the highest values of sucrose and sugar yield/fed in both seasons, in addition to TSS% and purity% in the 2 nd one. delaying harvesting from 180 up to 210 days from sowing increased significantly root length, diameter and root fresh weight/plant, root and sugar yield/fed as well as TSS and sucrose % in both seasons and purity % in the 1 st one. Beets harvested at age of 180 days attained the highest value of top fresh weight/fed in both seasons. Interactions between sugar beet varieties and ages of harvesting were significant except purity%, in the1 st season. In the 2 nd one, TSS, sucrose %, root and sugar yield/fed were significantly affected by the interaction between the two factors. Under the conditions of this work, harvest sugar beet Hosam and Sahar varieties after 210 days after sowing can be recommended to obtain the highest root and sugar yields/fed in the new reclaimed soil in Sohag Governorate.

The aim of this investigation was protection the sugarcane breeding varieties from infestation with the pink stem borer , S. cretica Led, at El-Sabahia Station , Alexandria . G 85-37variety (95 borers/100 plants) was more susceptible to infestation with the pink stem borer in two seasons . Moreover G85-39 was the most resistance to this borer (24 borers /100 plants) in the same seasons. There were significantly among varieties value as susceptibility to infestation by S. cretica . The leaves weight of G85-37 variety was the highest recorded (1312 gm ) in weight leaves value in both seasons. On other hand, the Co214 (775gm )was the least one in same character. Stalks weight character was significantly lower among varieties in both seasons. The highest total soluble solid (T.S.S) value was appointed in 1 st season by G85-39 (20.67).While it was low by F153 (16.33)&(16.17) in both season respectively. During the season 2006/2007, the evolution of 4 insecticides and 2bioinsects were done. In the third day the Dipel 2x (B. th. krustaki ) reduced the population of S. cretica by 19.33% in first period time (three leaves stage) and 16.67% in second period (Harvest time ). While reduction % was 0.0 % by B. bassiana ( Bio fly) in both period. Lannate reduction percentage was more toxicity (91%) than Carbaryl (80.67%) in same period . In three leaves stage (1 st period test) the Profenofos was very effective at third day (92.33) . Bio-insecticides were more toxic in last priod(21day) for test at two application periods In addition, Dipel 2x ® is more toxic than (Bio fly ® ) . Organophosphours insecticides increased the sugarcane yield character than another tested insecticides. IT could be concluded that all tested insecticides could be used against S. cretica .Using chemical insecticides gave fast reduction of then Bio-insecticides which are safety and less pollution than chemical insecticides.

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Two field experiments were carried out in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons at Nubaria Research Station, El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt to study the response of three sugar beet cultivars to the foliar nutrition with pigeon manure tea (PMT) in combination with soil N fertilizer and its effect on yield, yield components, chemical constituents and some physiological and genetical parameters. A split plot arrangement in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications was used. Three polygerm sugar beet cultivars namely SN-626, NH-627 and Hercule were randomly distributed in the main plots, while the four combinations of PMT and N fertilizer were randomly distributed in the sub-plots, it was as follows; 80 kg N/fed (recommended level) was given as soil application, without PMT (check treatment) (C1), foliar application of 2.5% PMT + soil addition of 40 kg N/fed (C2), foliar application of 5% PMT + soil addition of 40 kg N/fed (C3) and foliar application of 10% PMT + soil addition of 40 kg N/fed (C4). The results illustrated that fertilizing the tested cultivars with (C4) treatment attained the highest mean of sugar yield compared with (C2) and/or (C3), in the two seasons. The three cultivars showed that the highest and the least values of root, top, sugar yields and sucrose% were produced from SN-626 and Hercule cultivar, respectively, in both seasons. Genotypic and phenotypic variances, heritability and coefficient of variance as percent of means were estimated for the studied traits. Maximum heritability values were obtained for root diameter followed by top yield. Meanwhile, it was moderate for sugar yield, sucrose% and root yield, while the minimum values of heritability were recorded by total soluble solids and purity percentages. Besides, different genetic coefficient of variance as percent of mean, as well as high genetic variability and high range of variations were detected. Path-coefficient analysis revealed that the improvement of different genotypes sugar yield can alter the relative importance of root yield, sucrose% and purity%. Under conditions of the present work, it can be recommended that growing SN-626 variety fertilized with (C4) treatment produced the highest sugar yield/fed with no significant difference from treating the same variety with C1 (recommended level). Also, the data suggest that significant improvement could be achieved by increasing purity as well as sucrose percentages to increase sugar yield.