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Context: The relationship between polymorphisms in the location of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and lung cancer has been investigated in many studies. Accordingly, the present meta-analysis study focused on the relationship between the TNF-α-238 gene polymorphisms and lung cancer. Methods: Articles were collected from Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed electronic databases until 2022. The articles were searched based on the keywords “Lung cancer,” “238 Gene”, and “tumor necrosis factor.” The articles were selected based on the PRISMA flow diagram. Results: There was no bias in this study research. Two except for two studies were significantly different, while no significant difference was found in the other studies. However, the results of the final Overall OR with a value of (0.66; 1.88) OR = 1.11 indicate that the additive model in the TNF-α-238 (rs361525) SNP increases the risk of lung cancer in the random model (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis study show the relationship between TNF-a-238 and lung cancer. The TNF-a-238 polymorphism increases the risk allele, and TNF-a-238 with an OR = 1.11 has an additive effect on lung cancer development and increases the risk of lung cancer.

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