Aim To compare the effect of indocyanine green (ICG)-assisted internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and triamcinolone acetonide-assisted posterior vitreous removal on visual acuity in patients with diffuse diabetic macular oedema (DMO). Methods In total, 24 patients with diffuse DMO who underwent pars plana vitrectomy were included in this study. In all, 11 patients (mean age 57 years) were performed ICGassisted ILM peeling; while 13 patients (mean age 54 years) underwent triamcinoloneassisted posterior vitreous removal. Patients from two different treatment regimens were compared in terms of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at postoperative sixth months. Results In ICG-assisted ILM peeling group, preoperative BCVA (1.370.4, mean7SD, logMAR) improved postoperatively to 0.970.5 (P ¼ 0.011). In eyes underwent triamcinoloneassisted posterior vitreous removal, baseline BCVA of 1.470.4 improved to 1.070.5 (P ¼ 0.007). There was no difference between baseline as well as postoperative sixth-month BCVA results of both groups (P ¼ 0.59 and P ¼ 0.57, respectively). Conclusions Triamcinolone-assisted posterior vitreous removal and ICG-assisted ILM peeling have the same effect in terms of postoperative BCVA in patients with diffuse DMO.

Intravitreal triamcinolone temporarily changed central retinal artery blood flow and posterior ciliary arteries' peak systolic blood velocity in eyes with retinal vein occlusion whilst no response of blood flow to triamcinolone injection but only transiently altered end diastolic blood velocity in posterior ciliary arteries was observed in diabetic eyes.