As a major mass Islamic organization, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) has been influential both in culture and politics in Indonesia. In consonance with the decline of democratic politics across the globe, NU internal organization experiences the practice of deliberative democracy with elite deliberation or fox elite fox Dei as its procedure of electing its top leader/Spiritual Leader or Rais Am. Two practices were done at the two NU National Congresses (Muktamar) in 1984 and 2015. This procedure is called Ahlul Hall Wal Aqd (AHWA), as one of the legacies of Muslim civilization. The paper makes an account of this elite deliberation to explore how effective the practice was in developing better practices of democracy. The research is qualitative, along with the perspective of the theory of deliberative democracy. It is our result that the practice of fox elite fox Dei has not been satisfactory in terms of some defects in implementing the rule of the game. NU’s culture of deliberation under the methods of halaqah and Bah-tsul Masaail has been promising, but NU’s elites have not been prepared to harvest it to improve the application of the AHWA procedure.

Though studies on the relationship between worldly asceticism and economic progress is an old thing, this study presents a re-visit of Boeke’s Indonesia dual economy as a result of the presence of a mixture of such a duality performed by Santri-entrepreneurs at Laweyan, Solo, Indonesia.   Industrialism as a way of life is commonly linked to the transformation from agricultural societies into industrial in modern West nations, with the crucial roles of industrial entrepreneurs who were among the few in the respective societies having distinctive personal qualities. The most well-known thesis was Weber’s thesis on the relationship between the Protestant ethic and economic development by the few entrepreneurs possessing worldly asceticism—homo economicus who were working hard for achieving material well-being but at the same time develop religious ascetic life. The paper makes an account of Islam-based Santri-entrepreneurs in Kampung Batik Laweyan (KBL), Solo, Indonesia, employing a critically theoretical perspective of Max Weber and Boeke; the study takes into account political context and socio-cultural setting. It is our findings that Santri-entrepreneurs at KBL developed worldly asceticism, but political context has made the unstable growth of the business; contemporary steady growth has been made possible by the provision of the concept KBL as Cultural Heritage and facilitation by the local government, especially the establishment of deliberation forum among several parties that gives ample room for their steady growth.

<p>Kebijakan Gubernur Sutiyoso untuk mengubah tempat prostitusi Kramat Tunggak menjadi pusat kegiatan keagamaan tampaknya sesuatu yang baru, mengingat adopsi pendekatan sosial jangka panjang yang membuahkan hasil dan dukungan pemerintah daerah yang wajar dengan memotong jalur birokrasi untuk memastikan mulusnya aliran anggaran. Makalah ini mengeksplorasi pendekatan sosial Sutiyoso terhadap program penutupan lokalisasi prostitusi ini. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif beserta meta-analisisnya. Konsep yang digunakan adalah pendekatan sosial, musyawarah, dan pemangkasan birokrasi. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah pelaksanaan penutupan lokalisasi Kramat Tunggak berhasil dilakukan dan hampir tidak ada perlawanan yang muncul, serta birokrasi DKI Jakarta secara efisien mendukung pelaksanaan tersebut.</p><p><em>Governor Sutiyoso’s policy to transform Kramat Tunggak prostitution site into a center of religious activities seems to have no precedence, given his adoption of long-stage of social approach to executing the program and the corollary local government’s back-up by banishing bureaucracy to ensure the flow of the budget. The paper explores Sutiyoso’s social approach to the program of the closure of this site. The method used is qualitative research method along with the meta- analyses. The concepts used are social approach, deliberation, and banishing bureaucracy. The finding of the study is that the execution of terminating services at the prostitution site was successfully done and hardly any resistance appeared, and the bureaucracy of DKI Jakarta efficiently supported the execution</em>.</p>

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During the political liberalization of the reform era (1998 – present), various groups have complained about the evil practices of democratic politics. One of the shooting targets is that we have made the wrong choice, namely adopting a majoritarian or liberal democracy model. In the literature on democracy theory, one of the theories relevant to improving democratic practice is TDD (Theory of Deliberative Democracy). Although still using the principle of representation, TDD, in general, makes corrections or improvements to the procedures and substance of democracy that have been poorly practised in Indonesia today. This research is based on qualitative research using the descriptive-analytical method to provide a clear picture of the object of the problem. The conclusion of this study shows evidence that there is a model of democracy—both in substance and in procedures. They are different from the mechanism of representation initially derived from the theory of representative democracy.