No abstract

With the rapid growth of Transportation Network Company (TNC) services and the continued decline of transit ridership, existing research has proposed and some transit agencies have implemented programs that integrate transit and TNC services. This paper expands the research area to examine the equity implications of such integrations, focusing on job accessibility improvements for low-income workers. We develop an analytical framework that compares improvements in accessibility to jobs under different hypothetical scenarios in which TNC travel serves as the last-mile connection of transit services. Using the city of Chicago for the case study, this research confirms that such transit-TNC integration increases job accessibility for all low-income workers throughout the city, but it also pinpoints nuanced differences in the accessibility improvements among workers of different races, ethnicities, and sexes during peak and off-peak hours.

The rapid growth of bike-sharing usage spurs a large amount of empirical research. However, much research focuses on existing bike-sharing services, without considering the gaps between revealed and potential demand, while some potential demand cannot be met without a supply of bike-sharing facilities. To address this gap, this research develops a two-step approach: the first step proposes an equitable supply of bike-sharing stations based on neighborhood characteristics, and the second step predicts potential bike-sharing usage with the proposed supply scenario. Using data from a station-based bike-sharing system in the city of Chicago, we specify and evaluate the new methodological approach with transformed spatial regression models. Results identify neighborhoods that have potential demand but are under-served. Our approach provides a tool for providing an equitable supply of bike-sharing services and promoting wide adoption of bike-sharing across diverse neighborhoods.