Animals are considered as source of protein should be improved their productivity with the minimum cost production. Agro-industrial by products have been used as animal feed to reduce feed cost. The purpose of this study is to evaluate agro-industrial by product in Aceh as potential local feed for ruminant animals based on chemical composition, fiber fraction and in vitro rumen fermentation. There were eight sources of agro-industrial by products (sago residues, coconut meal, soybean-ketchup by product, coffee pulp, cacao pod, sago tree, corncob, and rice brand) which were collected from 3 different locations in Aceh.  All agro-industrial by product samples were dried at 600C for 24 h and ground to pass a 1 mm sieve. Grounded samples were analyzed to determine chemical composition, fiber fractions and in vitro rumen fermentation. Incubation was conducted at temperature 390C for 48 h in water bath with three replicates. Data for in vitro rumen fermentation were statically calculated by using SPSS differences between treatments were stated (P≤0.05) by using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results indicated that agro industrial by product from coconut meal, ketchup residues, coffee by product, cacao by product, and rice brand can be used as source of protein and industrial by product from sago by product, sago tree and corncob can be used as source of energy. Neutral detergent  insoluble  CP (NDICP) and Acid detergent insoluble CP (ADICP)  were relatively high for sago by product, sago tree and rice brand but relatively low for cacao by product and corncob. The value of incubated pH for most feed samples was in the normal range. In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and in vitro organic matter  digestibility (IVOMD) were significantly difference (P≤0.05) each agro-industrial by products with the highest for sago and the lowest for coffee by product. In conclusion, agro-industrial by products had a potential feed for ruminant animals both as protein and energy sources. However, feed ingredients with high fiber content and low degradability, further treatments such as physical, chemical and biological treatments were required to improve the feed quality.

Due to high cost of conventional feed, the use of agro-industrial by products has been widely known as alternative for animal feed. The aims of this experiment is to get information about the potency of agro-industrial by product in Aceh that can be utilized as feed for ruminant animals based on volatile fatty acid concentration, gas production and methane emission. Eight kinds of agro-industrial by product in Aceh from three different location products (sago residues, coconut meal, soybean-ketchup by product, coffee pulp, cacao pod, sago tree, corncob, and rice brand) were used in this study. Prior to analyses, all samples were dehydrated at the temperature of 60°C for 24 h, then crushed to pass a 1 mm sieve. Crushed samples were analysed to determine volatile fatty acid concentration, gas production and methane emission. Incubation was carried out in water bath with three replicates for 48 h with the temperature of 39°C. The production of gas was collected and periodically documented at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after incubation by using a syiringe. The VFA production from agro-industrial by products in this study was not significantly different (P>0.05) from one by-products and others from 83±2.26 mmol/l for cacao pod to 123 ±16.1 mmol/l for coffee pulp. The production of NH3 was with the range of 5.72 mmol/l to 15.71 mmol/l for for sago trees and coconut meal respectively. Total gas production from agro-industrial by products was 69.90 ml g/DM to 210.40 ml g/DM with methane gas production in the range of 33,88 – 35.18 ml/g DM after agro-industrial by products were incubated for 48 h. In conclusion, based on the fermentation parameters in this study, local agro-industrial by products in Aceh Province can be utilized as sources of alternative animal feed as replacement of conventional. Based on fermentation parameters measured in this study (VFA, NH3, gas production total) were still in optimal range for fermentation process in animal production

This experiment aimed to evaluate chemical composition, in vitro rumen fermentation, digestibility, and methane emissions of forages including bede grass, gamal (Gliricidia sepium), Indigofera, lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala), elephant grass, mini elephant grass and Thai elephant grass. Forage samples were dried at 60oC for 24 hours, then ground to 1 mm sieve. The ground samples were used subsequently to determine the chemical composition and in vitro rumen fermentation test. Incubation was carried out in a water bath at 39oC for 48 h without replication. The results showed that all forages contained various crude protein at a range of 9-20% DM. The proportion of neutral detergent insoluble CP (NDICP) and acid detergent insoluble CP (ADICP) in forage was generally low, but the highest was found in bede grass. The highest NH3 concentration was found in Indigofera incubation, and lowest was in bede grass. All forage samples, except for mini elephant grass and Indigofera, had IVDMD and IVOMD below 70%. We identified low methane emissions from forage at 48 hours of incubation. It was concluded that legumes had a higher crude protein than in grass species and had low methane emissions. However, the relatively low digestibility of legume may limit its utilization.

Scabies merupakan salah satu penyakit yang sangat sering menyerang pada bagian luar tubuh ternak ruminansia dan berdampak terhadap rendahnya produksi dan produktifitas hingga kematian serta bisa menyebar kepada manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan dan tindakan peternak terhadap penyakit scabies yang menyerang kambing. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada September-November 2021 di empat desa (Blang Poroh, Paya Bili, Blang Neubok, Meunasah Alue, Meunasah Tambo) di Kecamatan Jeunieb wilayah Kabupaten Bireuen. Sampel adalah peternak sebagai responden sebanyak 75 orang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan langkah observasi dan survey serta pemberian kuisioner berhubungan dengan pengetahuan tentang penyakit scabies yang menyerang ternak kambing, selanjutnya di analisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian peternak terhadap kejadian penyakit scabies pada ternak kambing di Kecamatan Jeunieb Kabupaten Bireuen, menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan peternak terhadap penyakit scabies yang dianggap sangat mengerti dengan scabies mencapai rat-rata 32,7 % dan menjawab mengerti mencapai rata-rata 59,6 %. Sementara yang meberi jawaban tidak mengerti rat-rata berada di angka 10,2%.. untuk jawaban terhadap tindakan peternak dalam penanganan penyakit scabies pada ternak kambing, terlihat yang menjawab sangat mengerti mencapai rat-rata 32,0 % dan menjawab mengerti mencapai rata-rata 56,4%. Sementara yang menjawab tidak mengerti berada di angka 11,6%. Dapat disimpulkan tingkat pengetahuan tentang penyakit scabies sudah dapat dikatagori tinggi dan dalam segi tindakan peternak dalam penanganan penyakit scabies pada ternak terlihat sudah tepat dan sesuai.

Kualitas dan kuantitas hijauan yang fluktuatif menjadi hambatan dalam pemenuhan pakan ternak ruminansia. Pelepah sawit sangat potensial dijadikan sebagai pakan ternak. Namun, pelepah sawit harus diolah melalui fermentasi untuk meningkatkan kualitas nutrisinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh nilai nutrisi fermentasi pelepah sawit yang difermentasi menggunakan Suplemen Organik Cair (SOC) dengan level berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan materi pelepah sawit dan SOC. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan 3 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari P1= Tanpa Penambahan SOC 0%; P2= Penambahan SOC 4%; dan P3= Penambahan SOC 8%. Parameter yang diteliti adalah bahan kering (BK), bahan organik (BO), dan protein kasar (PK). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (Anova) dan bila terjadi pengaruh dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan SOC pada fermentasi pelepah sawit tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0.05) terhadap kadar bahan kering, bahan organik dan protein kasar. Perlakuan tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan P2. Rataan kadar bahan kering, bahan organik dan protein kasar pada perlakuan P2 yaitu 43.58%, 158.57%, dan 20.40%. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah penambahan SOC pada berbagai level tidak meningkatkan kandungan nutrisi pelepah sawit.