Bidang formal yang terbaik adalah bidang pendidikan yang berupaya untuk meningkatkan kualiti dan kesejahteraan hidup melalui pembangunan diri seterusnya mencorakkan masa hadapan individu itu sendiri. Justeru, sistem pendidikan yang mapan mampu untuk menarik minat anak-anak Orang Asli untuk meneruskan proses pembelajaran awal mereka di sekolah rendah. Walaupun Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia telah mengeluarkan panduan silibus 3M (membaca, mengira, menulis) untuk membasmi masalah keciciran literasi dan numerasi, namun silibus tersebut masih tidak berjaya mengurangkan masalah penguasaan dan keciciran pembelajaran dalam kalangan murid-murid Orang Asli di Sekolah Kebangsaan Sungai Berua. Makalah ini merupakan kajian kualitatif bagi melihat kaedah dan inisiatif pengajaran dan pembelajaran yang diterapkan oleh guru dan pihak Sekolah Kebangsaan Sungai Berua dalam proses pembelajaran anak-anak Orang Asli Sungai Berua. Bagi mencapai tujuan tersebut, sesi temu bual telah dijalankan bersama ibu bapa Orang Asli dan guru-guru Sekolah Kebangsaan Sungai Berua untuk mengenal pasti inisiatif guru dan pihak sekolah serta persepsi ibu bapa dalam menguruskan proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran murid-murid Orang Asli. Hasil Kajian mendapati terdapat tiga inisiatif utama dalam proses pengajaran kepada murid-murid Orang Asli iaitu kesejahteraan pelajar (well-being), penglibatan ibu bapa (participation), dan pencapaian (achievement). Justeru, kaedah pengajaran bersertakan elemen kebudayaan Orang Asli turut digunakan untuk mengurangkan masalah literasi dan keciciran pembelajaran dalam kalangan murid-murid. Namun begitu, pihak guru dan sekolah juga berdepan dengan cabaran untuk mewujudkan persekitaran pendidikan yang mapan seperti budaya dan sikap murid, peranan penyertaan ibu bapa serta kekurangan kemudahan bantu mengajar. Kerjasama yang holistik perlu dilakukan agar masalah literasi dan keciciran pendidikan dalam kalangan anak-anak Orang Asli dapat dikurangkan.

AbstrakKualiti hidup komuniti Orang Asli di Semenanjung Malaysia secara amnya lebih terpinggir berbanding dengan penduduk Malaysia secara keseluruhannya. Pelbagai usaha telah dijalankan yang hanya memfokuskan kepada petunjuk kualiti hidup universal yang lazim untuk keseluruhan rakyat Malaysia, tetapi tiada spesifikasi khusus kepada kualiti hidup Orang Asli selain terhadnya sumber maklumat yang khusus mengenai kriteria kualiti hidup Orang Asli di Semenanjung Malaysia. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan kriteria yang spesifik dan khusus terhadap kualiti hidup komuniti Orang Asli. Makalah ini merupakan satu kajian kes yang telah dijalankan di Kampung Orang Asli Sungai Tekai, Pahang. Kajian kualitatif dijalankan melalui temu bual mendalam melibatkan 16 informan yang terdiri daripada penduduk kampung tersebut. Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat empat aspek kualiti hidup yang membentuk kriteria kepada kualiti hidup komuniti Orang Asli iaitu i) infrastruktur dan utiliti asas; ii) sosioekonomi; iii) pendidikan dan iv) kesihatan. Secara keseluruhannya, analisa data pada hasil kajian memperlihatkan kriteria-kriteria pentafsiran terhadap kualiti hidup masyarakat Orang Asli iaitu pilihan pondok buluh sebagai ruang keluarga yang selesa, hasil hutan sebagai mata pencarian, pendidikan asas 3M (membaca, menulis dan mengira) dan perubatan moden sebagai pilihan utama dalam penjagaan dan perawatan kesihatan.Kata kunci: kesejahteraan, kualiti hidup, orang asli, pembangunan komuniti, semenanjung malaysia, sosioekonomi GEOGRAFIA Online TM Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 15 issue 4 (191)(192)(193)(194)(195)(196)(197)(198)(199)(200)(201)(202)(203)(204)(205) AbstractQuality of life (QOL) for Orang Asli in Peninsular Malaysia is generally considered very much lower as compared to the mainstream population. A lot of work has been done, but those works tend to focus on population with universal criteria of QOL, which are common to all Malaysians, not specific to Orang Asli. There is limited information on QOL criteria, which are specific to Orang Asli. As such this study aims to present the current thinking in Orang Asli on QOL by developing a specific group of QOL criteria for this indigenous community. This paper serves as a preliminary study on the village of Sungai Tekai. A qualitative method of in-depth interview and observation during fieldwork was carried out involving 16 informants comprising the villagers. The results of this study showed that there are four basic aspects of QOL evaluation that showed emergent of criteria of the quality of life for the Orang Asli community: i) basic infrastructure and utilities; ii) socioeconomic; iii) education and iv) health. Overall, data analysis of the study results shows four criteria of quality of life for the Orang Asli community, namely the choice of bamboo cottage as a comfortable family room, forest product as a livelihood, basic 3M (reading, writing and calculating) and modern medicine as the ultimate choice in health care.

National security receives threats from various angles through the process of globalization. Threat calls, terrorism and security issues pose a risk to the country as they affect the stability of the government and threaten the safety of the people. The rapid globalization process has led to the weakening of the nation and eroded by various demands and threats. Malaysia is also no exception to thechallenge of the speedy globalization process. The issue of security is not merely an issue that concerns the defense agenda of a country, but rather covers various aspects, especially those related to human society. Malaysia's experience in dealing with terrorism in the past has led governments to be cautious of any possible consequences. In fact, the threat of terrorism and issues related to security issues in Malaysia need to be clearly understood in order to look at the trends and long-term effects on society, the economy, politics and social as a whole. The activities and behaviors of terrorism and security threats are also unpredictable apart from its difficult to understand movement. Political stability, economic development and the well-being of thepeople are essential to maintaining peace and ensuring national security. This paper reviews the threats and challenges of terrorism and security issues specifically towards Malaysia.

This study attempts to explore and understand how the collaborative blended learning environment affects students’ presentation performance. It also intends to examine students’ perceptions of this learning environment. 25 ESL students participated in this study. This study lasted for 14-weeks and involved students participating in the conventional class and group discussion delivered both face to face in the classroom and online mode via ifolio to collaboratively develop their presentation skills. Data collected were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively using the thematic and content analysis methods. The study concluded that integrating collaborative blended learning presentation skills activities in an ESL classroom enhanced students’ positive feeling towards presentations, decreased their communication apprehension and improved their presentation performance. The study implied that in order to create an ideal learning environment that helps students improve their presentation skills, collaborative blended learning presentation skills activities need to be integrated into learning and teaching. With the emergence of rapid technology, blended learning has become a useful teaching and learning approach for teachers and ESL learners, especially in learning presentation skills. However, most English courses are still practising teachers centred, thus, neglecting the important element of integrating technology with face-to-face learning activities in learning presentation skills.

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