Objective. To study the effect of nutritional support under the clinical nursing path on the nursing effect, quality of life, and nutritional status of elderly patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Methods. 110 elderly patients with Alzheimer’s disease admitted to our hospital from February 2018 to October 2019 were randomly selected and assigned at a ratio of 1 : 1 via random draw to receive either routine nursing (control group) or nutritional support under the clinical nursing path (experimental group). Outcome measures included nursing efficiency, quality of life index (QLI) score, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) score, Mental Status Scale in Non-psychiatric Settings (MSSNS) score, social disability screening schedule (SDSS) cognitive function score, and Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Results. Nutritional support under the clinical nursing path was associated with significantly higher nursing efficiency and quality of life scores versus routine nursing ( P < 0.05 ). Nutritional support under the clinical nursing path resulted in significantly lower PSQI, MSSNS, and SDSS scores, and fewer malnourished cases versus routine nursing ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Nutritional support under the clinical nursing pathway can significantly improve the quality of life, cognitive function, psychological status, and nutritional status of elderly patients with Alzheimer’s disease, and has high application value.