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Coronaviruses (CoVs) infect a wide range of domestic and wild mammals. These viruses have a potential and tendency to cross-species barriers and infect humans. Novel human coronavirus 2019-nCoV (hCoV-19) emerged from Wuhan, China, and has caused a global pandemic. Genomic features of SARS-CoV-2 may attribute inter-species transmission and adaptation to a novel host, and therefore is imperative to explicate the evolutionary dynamics of the viral genome and its propensity for differential host selection. We conducted an in silico analysis of all the coding gene sequences of SARS-CoV-2 strains (n = 39) originating from a range of non-human mammalian species, including pangolin, bat, dog, cat, tiger, mink, mouse, and the environmental samples such as wastewater, air and surface samples from the door handle and seafood market. Compared to the reference SARS-CoV-2 strain (MN908947; Wuhan-Hu-1), phylogenetic and comparative residue analysis revealed the circulation of three variants, including hCoV-19 virus from humans and two hCoV-19-related precursors from bats and pangolins. A lack of obvious differences as well as a maximum genetic homology among dog-, cat-, tiger-, mink-, mouse-, bat-and pangolin-derived SARS-CoV-2 sequences suggested a likely evolution of these strains from a common ancestor. Several residue substitutions were observed in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein, concluding a promiscuous nature of the virus for host species where genomic alternations may be required for the adaptation to novel host/s. However, such speculation needs in vitro investigations to unleash the influence of substitutions towards species-jump and disease pathogenesis.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), caused by the CCHF virus (CCHFV), is a tick-borne zoonotic infection characterized by myalgia, high-grade fever ([ 38°C), headache, nausea, bleeding from the body cavities, and in 10%-50% of cases, results in death (Swanepoel et al. 1989). As CCHFV belongs to the Nairoviridae family, the virus can be transmitted to humans through the bite of infected ticks or by contact with the tissues or blood of infected animals (Bente et al. 2013).

The CCHF is caused by Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), an RNA virus of the genus orthonairovirus under family Nairoviridae (Adams et al., 2017). Tick bite is considered as the primary factor along with direct contact with viraemic farm

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