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A great deal of energy used in buildings is directed toward heating, ventilation, and air‐conditioning (HVAC). The key procedure in reducing heating and cooling loads is the creation of a baseline model that represents a theoretical version of the building. This allows multiple scenarios to balance the lowest retrofit cost with the lowest annual energy cost. This study emphasizes establishing an energy consumption model and energy benchmarks for a commercial building located in Shiraz, Iran. The energy‐related data are gathered for 3 years based on real values from billing receipts. Herein, two distinct approaches are integrated; forward and inverse methods. In the forward method, building energy consumption is predicted based on building performance and specifications, geometry, location, and air conditioning system. In the reverse method, building energy consumption is evaluated using the building load coefficient and building base consumption according to effective factors such as weather data and appliance performance. Also, considering constant fixed temperatures as 18°C, and 21°C for calculating heating and cooling degree days is not correct. Thus, finding a proper and valid base temperature is the main aim of this study by examining this integrated method. The integrated application of these methods allowed determining the thermomechanical state of the building as a whole. To this end, base temperature boundaries are extracted from the energy consumption trend which grounds the need for cooling and heating. Eventually, the baseline for energy consumption of the building based on the proposed method is provided for calculating the development of methodological foundations for the design, construction, operation, and renovation of energy‐efficient buildings. The results show that according to an acceptable thermal building comfort zone of 14–18.6°C, the building achieves a 30 percent reduction in annual cooling and heating energy consumption compared to the base year.

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Background However, advanced technologies have been developed in the treatment of various cancers, but the mortality rate from cancer is still very high. Drug resistance is a major problem for patients with cancer, which causes the treatment process to fail. In addition to inhibiting drug resistance, targeted therapy is also very important in treatment. Main body: Nowadays, miRNAs have gained increasing interest as they play a major role in both drug resistance and targeted therapy. MicroRNA (miRNA) is an important part of non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression at a post-transcriptional level. The prevailing studies about miRNA expression have been expanded into a variety of neoplasms. MiR-424 targets genes involved in various cellular processes and can participate in proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis, and drug resistance and sensitivity. Conclusion In this study, we focus on the role of miR-424s in many cancer types by displaying the potential target genes associated with each cancer, as well as briefly describing the clinical uses of miR-424s as a diagnostic and predictive tool in malignancies.

However, advanced technologies have been developed in the treatment of various cancers the mortality rate of this disease is still very high. Drug resistance is a major problem for cancer patients which causes the treatment process to fail. In addition to inhibiting drug resistance, targeted therapy is also very important in its treatment. Nowadays, miRNAs have gained increasing interest in recent years which play a major role in both drug resistance and target therapy. MicroRNA (miRNA) is an important part of non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression at a posttranscriptional level. One of these microRNAs is miR-424 that by targeting genes involved in various cellular processes can participate in proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis, and drug resistance and sensitivity. In this study, we collected the role of miR-424 in a variety of cancers and by identifying the role of miR-424 in drug resistance we can reduce the effect of drug resistance in many cancers.