A 59-year-old male was diagnosed with asymptomatic IgG (lambda) multiple myeloma. He was kept under observation and 6 years later developed renal impairment; therapeutic options were discussed. Shortly afterwards he suffered a large perisplenic bleed (left, computed tomography scan). He required emergency splenectomy and transfusion of 17 units of blood. Histopathological examination revealed peliosis (right) with occasional plasma cells. These were polyclonal by kappa and lambda light chain in situ hybridization. The patient made an uneventful recovery and was subsequently commenced on cyclophosphomide, thalidomide and dexamethasone, to which he responded well.Peliosis (blue/black in Greek), is a condition characterised by blood-filled cavities dispersed throughout the parenchyma of solid organs. Splenic peliosis has been reported in association with haematological disorders including aplastic anaemia, hereditary spherocytosis, myelofibrosis, myeloma and Hodgkin lymphoma. It has been suggested that males are more at risk and an association with the use of androgenic steroids, anti-cancer drugs, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and tuberculosis has been reported.Central to the pathogenesis is the perifollicular region of the spleen, with injury to the sinusoidal wall. Light chain deposits along the annular fibres circling the red pulp sinuses form an obstacle to blood cell migration through the sinus walls, resulting in the accumulation and death of cells within the cords. Macrophages and reticuloendothelial cells neighbour the white pulp causing diminished blood flow and preferential deposition of the particulate antigens and toxins.Splenic rupture requires urgent operative intervention. Once the presence of peliosis has been demonstrated investigation to detect its presence in other organs and to establish a possible cause is indicated. Physicians should be mindful of this rare but potentially life threatening condition in multiple myeloma.
The novel coronavirus COVID-19 is currently affecting 210 countries and territories and 2 International conveyances 1 with more than 2 million cases worldwide and one-third of the global population 2 on a Coronavirus national quarantine (lockdown). The present global population is swarmed with information and details centered on negative impacts of the pandemic, the upcoming challenges and how the economy will be heading to a recession in the coming 12 months 3 . However, where such a dark situation is going on, we forget to look at what could come as a ray of hope from such trying and testing times. The paper tries to look out for all the avenues which maybe benefitting from the pandemic and points out the positive insights to look forward to after the pandemic is over or controlled.
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