This study found that past OHEPIs are effective and positive impacts on dental visits, attitudes, as well as brushing and flossing behaviours during 3 months post-intervention among children.

Objective It is estimated that about 20%‐25% of the world's population are suffering from periodontal diseases or severe gum diseases. This requires appropriate interventions. For the development of effective and evidence‐based programmes tailored to the target group, the aim of this review was to survey to the effectiveness of oral health education and promotion interventions in the relevant groups of people. Methods The electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science and Cochrane Library were searched for English language studies between 2010 and (January‐December) 2016. To assess the quality of articles, the checklist was used that includes 19 items. Studies were selected based on PICOs criteria, and finally, 16 studies were entered in our study. Results A total of 16 articles were selected, classified into two groups (A and B groups), so that group A with short‐term effects includes improving knowledge, attitudes, self‐efficacy, oral health behaviour (toothbrushing and flossing), theoretical constructs (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity and perceived behavioural control) which consists of 15 articles and group B with long‐term effects includes improving decayed teeth, plaque, calculus and bleeding which consists of six articles. Conclusion Approximately, this study supports effectiveness of all oral health education and promotion interventions, especially in short‐term outcomes. Regarding the importance of long‐term and short‐term outcomes for oral health education and promotion programmes, These interventions could be performed in the future with several target groups including family and teachers.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of death among women. Regarding the lack of knowledge about the cause of breast cancer and considering the fact that all women are prone to this disease, training on methods of early diagnosis to reduce its complications is of great importance. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of education based on the health belief model on breast cancer screening behaviors in health volunteers of health centers in Isfahan. In this experimental study, 480 healthy volunteers were randomly divided into two groups: the case (n = 240) and control (n = 240). The training program was designed according to health belief model structures. Before the training interventional program, the Champion standard questionnaire and functional checklist were completed for both groups. A standard questionnaire was completed during three stages (before, immediately after, and 2 months after the training). The experimental group received the educational intervention during eight sessions, and the collected data was eventually analyzed using the SPSS statistical software version 16 with relevant statistical tests. Participation of all individuals in the present research was voluntary and with informed consent. The results showed that mean scores of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, self-efficacy, and behavioral intention related to breast self-examination (BSE) and mammography in the intervention group significantly increased compared with those of the control group immediately after and 2 months after educational intervention. There was a significant difference between groups in BSE skill 2 months after the intervention, but there was no significant difference between the two groups in BSE behavior and mammography 2 months after the intervention. The results confirmed the efficiency and effectiveness of an educational intervention based on the health belief model on improving factors affecting breast cancer screening behaviors.

The educational intervention driven by the health belief theory showed to be effective on pregnant women and can help to promote preventive behaviors of tooth decay.

Background: This article aims to provide a description of conceptual dimensions and psychometric properties of the tools of oral and dental health literacy. Methods: Two authors in this study conducted electronic searches in the Medline (via PubMed), and Embase databases to find relevant articles from 1990 to present day. Evaluation of the tools was carried out in two parts; general evaluation of the tools using skills introduced by Sørensen et al., and qualitative assessment of psychometric properties using COSMIN checklist. Results: After reviewing 1839 articles on oral and dental health literacy and evaluating 33 full text articles for eligibility, 21 articles entered the study. The sample size varied from 20 to 1405 subjects and the items of each tool ranged from 11 to 99 items. Of the 21 tools examined, 16 tools were evaluated for word recognition. For the studies examined, the evaluation of COSMIN scores was often fair or good. Of the 21 tools examined, 9 tools at least in one dimension were in the category of "poor", 19 tools were in the category of "fair", 20 tools were in the category of "good", and 4 tools were in the category of "excellent" in at least one dimension. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that some aspects of oral and dental health literacy are being ignored in the existing tools. Therefore, the authors of present study emphasize on the necessity to design and develop a comprehensive tool and take into account two characteristics of simplicity and briefness for international use.