In this paper, the authors studied and designed a simple patch antenna with a rectangular shape and exploited it to construct an array formed by two antennas in parallel and another one formed by four antennas in parallel in the 5G millimeter band with an operating frequency of 27.5 GHz. This study aims to obtain better antenna performances like gain, directivity, S11, bandwidth, and efficiency. In this paper, we use a polyamide-type substrate with relative permittivity εr of constant value equal to 4.3, thickness hs of constant value equal to 0.15 mm, width Wg  3.77 mm and length Lg  4.55 mm, which represents a suitable material for antenna designs proposed in this paper. Furthermore, in this paper, the total size of this single printed antenna is equal to 2.578  3.35  0.15 mm 3 . The single patch antenna resonates at 27.0787 GHz with a return loss (S11) measurement value equal to -28.1548 dB, a bandwidth value equal to 1.03 GHz, a VSWR of 1.081, a gain value equal to 6.3 dB, a directivity value equal to 6.7 dB, and radiation efficiency of 92.64 %. The proposed 1  1 antenna array operates at 27.42 GHz and improves the performance achieved with a previous single antenna as follows, including S11 (down to -30 dB), gain (7.3 dB), and directivity (7.8 dB). Similarly, the proposed 2  2 antenna array successfully improves S11 down to -31.7 dB, gain up to 10.6 dB, bandwidth up to 1.07 GHz, and directivity up to 11.2 dB at a resonant frequency of 27.078 GHz. The antenna designs presented in this paper are performed using the highfrequency structure simulation (HFSS) tool. In addition, antennas proposed in this paper are adapted to the 27.5 GHz frequency range as well as applied to the 5G mobile communication system.

In this paper, we present a study and design of a rectangular-shaped microstrip patch antenna with a rectangular shaped slot at the operating frequency is 28GHz, for fifth generation (5G) wireless applications, using the microstrip line technique for feeding. The objective of this slot is to contribute to the improvement of antenna performance. This antenna is built on a Roger RT duroid 5880 type substrate having a relative permittivity equal to 2.2, a height of h = 0.5 mm, and a loss tangent of 0.0009. The compact size of this antenna is 4.2 mm × 3.3 mm × 0.5 mm. The simulations of this antenna were performed using high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) and computer simulation technology (CST) software whose main purpose is to confirm the results obtained for this proposed antenna. The results obtained during these simulations are as follows: resonant frequency of 27.97 GHz and reflection coefficient (𝑆 11 ) of -20.95 dB, bandwidth of 1.06 GHz, a gain of 7.5 dB, radiated power of 29.9 dBm, and efficiency of 99.83%. These results obtained by this proposed antenna are better than those obtained from already existing antennas that are published in current scientific journals. Consequently, this antenna is likely to satisfy the needs for 5G wireless communication applications.

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<span lang="EN-US">This paper presents a study and an array design consisting of two microstrip patch antennas connected in series in a 2×1 form. This antenna provides better performance for the fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication system. The microstrip line feeding technique realizes the design of this antenna. This feed offers the best bandwidth, is easy to model, and has low spurious radiation. The distance between the feed line and the patch can adapt to the antenna’s impedance. In addition, the antenna array proposed in this paper is designed and simulated using the high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) simulation software at the operating frequency of 28 GHz for the 5G band. The support material used is Rogers RT/duroid® 5880, with relative permittivity of 2.2, a thickness of h=0.5 mm, and a loss tangent of 0.0009. The simulation results obtained in this research paper are as: reflection coefficient: -35.91 dB, standing wave ratio (SWR): 1.032, bandwidth: 1.43 GHz, gain: 9.42 dB, directivity: 9.47 dB, radiated power: 29.94 dBm, accepted the power: 29.99 dBm, radiation efficiency: 29.95, efficiency: 99.83%. This proposed antenna array has achieved better performance than other antenna arrays recently published in scientific journals regarding bandwidth, beam gain, reflection coefficient, SWR, radiated power, accepted power, and efficiency. Therefore, this antenna array will likely become an important competitor for many uses within the 5G wireless applications.</span>

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