BackgroundLangerhans cell histiocytosis previously known as histiocytosis X is a rare disease of children and young adults with a very broad clinical spectrum. In children, its annual incidence is estimated between 0.2–0.5 per 100,000.Case representationAn 8-year-old Moroccan girl with no known personal or family history presented to our institution with painful swelling of both forearms. An X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging were inconclusive. We then performed a biopsy curettage (of her left forearm). Microscopic analysis followed by immunohistochemical analysis disclosed a diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. No chemotherapy was necessary. Clinical and radiological improvement was achieved after 6 months.ConclusionThe particularity of this observation is the bilaterality of the lesion on both forearms and it has not previously been reported. Langerhans cell histiocytosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of osteomyelitis and Ewing’s sarcoma.

Rib osteomyelitis is a rare disease, occurring in ~1% or less of all cases of haematogenous osteomyelitis. During the last century, 58 cases of rib osteomyelitis were reported in the literature, of which, multiple ribs were involved in only five patients. Because of its rarity and non-specific clinical signs, diagnostic of rib osteomyelitis may be delayed. We report a case of multifocal rib osteomyelitis revealed by a dorsal mass in a healthy 13-year-old female child.

No abstract

A 13-year-old boy was presented in the pediatric emergency with a 2-week history of swelling of the right scrotal contents of simple evolution, which was worsened by the appearance of an acute scrotal pain 48 h prior to his consultation. The doppler ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed an incarceration of the omentum in an inguinal hernia. Acute scrotal pain and swelling is a common reason for surgical consultation in the emergency department of children. However, omentum is a rare content of inguinal hernia in children and infarct is exceptional. It should be included in the differential diagnosis of an acute scrotum.

No abstract