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The aim of this research was to conduct the comparative traction tests for T-170M1.03-55 tractor with a flat and elliptical rim. Structurally rational geometry of the crawler's support surface for tractors with semi-rigid suspension is realized by placing the support rollers at different heights relative to the cart. The results of traction tests showed that elliptical track rim has increased the maximum traction power by 10.4%, conditional traction propulsive efficiency coefficient to 7.43% and the specific traction effort by 8%. The increase in indicators is provided by a lower rolling resistance of a tractor with an elliptical rim. Reduction of the resistance power to rolling of the tractor with an ellipse track rim occurs due to alignment of support rollers vertical load and reduction of resistance to rollers movement on internal contours of tracks and in hinges of track chain links. The results of the research indicate a significant improvement in traction performance of T-170M1.03.55 tractors with elliptical track-chain rim.

The article deals with the issues of operation of a machine-tractor unit with a soil-cultivating sowing complex. Improving the efficiency of using machine-tractor units and the most complete realization of the technical potential inherent in them can be carried out on the basis of the development of automated control systems and monitoring the implementation of technological processes both by the tractor and the implement, as well as by the unit as a whole. The traction-power balance of a tractor with a soil-cultivating sowing complex when working under given conditions is considered. It is shown that the performance during operation can change by reducing the power loss to overcome the forces of rolling resistance. Theoretical dependences for determining the power and speed parameters of the machine-tractor unit during sowing with tillage and fertilization are given.

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Presowing seed treatment is the first step in growing crops and obtaining a predicted high-quality yield. It plays a vital role in an integrated plant protection system. When treating seeds before sowing, it is crucial to avoid seed damage by the machine working bodies to obtain the planned harvest. For that reason, when designing new machines, it is necessary to exclude the use of auger working bodies and reduce the treatment speed. This paper analyzes the interaction of seeds with the working surfaces of centrifugal disk distribution bodies of pressown seed treatment machines. This paper considers the influence of geometric and kinematic factors on the distribution of particles at the outlet of the disk working body. Theoretical dependences that allow determining the relative speed of seed escape from the blades of a centrifugal disk have been obtained. An experimental plant allowing testing of the effectiveness of the proposed technical solution has been designed and manufactured. Theoretical and experimental studies allowed us to determine the conditions necessary for uniform chemical treatment of seeds and reduce the impact of centrifugal-type working bodies on seeds when treated with chemical or biological preparations before sowing.