Purpose: The basic purpose of measuring the customer's loyalty in Islamic banking in Bahawalpur region is their long term commitment. Design/methodology/approach: This research has been conducted utilizing the actual data with the help of a questionnaire based on the literature extensively written on Islamic banking services, to develop a viable model to explore the attributes which lead towards the customer loyalty in utilizing the financial services of Islamic banks in Bahawalpur region. A new dimension is added by conducting research on customer's loyalty in Islamic banking in Bahawalpur region, taking sample of 125 respondents from 20 banks operating in Islamic banking services of this region. Findings: Factors abstracted from the customers loyalty are, customers satisfaction, switching cost, customers perception, success philosophy and trust and commitment. It is found that these factors significantly affect the customer's loyalty in Islamic banking and are greatly associated with the customer's loyalty. Research limitations/ implication: Only available material is studied in spite of all the material and research is implicated in Bahawalpur region only. The sample size is small to only 125 respondents but the results are implicated on overall customer's loyalty in Islamic banking. Practical implications: Pakistani banks are needed to take initiative in creating awareness about Islamic banking and providing more effective services. Introduction:Islamic banking is widely accepted in the globe now. In Pakistan there are mainly two types of banking system, conventional banking and Islamic banking. The system of Islamic banking is expanding now days. A customer's commitment with dealing in Islamic banking is measured by customer's loyalty towards this type of banking. Customer's loyalty has many dimensions regarding Islamic banking, i.e. customer's satisfaction, switching cost, customer's perception, success philosophy and trust and commitment. These factors have great association with the long term commitment of customers with Islamic banks. As every bank wants to increase the profit and growth, it should be considered compulsory to study the customer's loyalty and its long term commitment. This research helps to measure the loyalty of customers. This research is conducted to investigate the empirical findings regarding the research problem. Main determinants of customer's loyalty are discussed in theoretical frame model. A well designed and validated questionnaire is developed and asked from target respondents. Then results are analyzed using statistical techniques and results are interpreted. Moreover recommendations are also given for further research.

The study aims to evaluate how the supplier commitment, supplier attractiveness, supplier satisfaction and supplier trust are influenced by service quality, communication quality and time management quality. 157 responses were collected from the target population consisting of manufacturing firms of Karachi. Sampling technique included the purposive sampling technique and data was analyzed using PLS-SEM. The study found that supplier satisfaction was positively and significantly impacting supplier attraction, supplier commitment and supplier trust while it was also positively and significantly impacted by communication quality, service quality and time management quality. The study has several recommendations for the managers on the basis of the results of the data analysis. The managers are recommended to focus on the various antecedents of quality as they help in enhancing the supplier satisfaction as the study also found that supplier satisfaction was essential in improving the supplier attractiveness, supplier trust and supplier commitment. By improving the communication, service and time management quality, the manufacturing firms can significantly boost their relationship with the suppliers and enhance their performance.

As an educator, have you ever wondered why the students in the classroom learn so little despite the innumerable hours you have spent perfecting the lecture? Why, after a brief period of time, do students start losing attention and focus? Many lecturers have experienced this phenomenon, some more than others. To address this issue, in the setting of a fifty minute lecture we've included several demonstrations involving volunteer students and/or economical home created models. Several anatomical concepts, such as the configuration of pleura and thoracic structures and peritoneum and abdominal/pelvic structures, were demonstrated in the classroom using transparent plastic sheets and sleeves, cardboard boxes, plastic bottles and balloons, and often even the students themselves. Such activity was designed to spike the students' curiosity, involvement, interest, and engagement for the length of the fifty minute lecture. These changes were implemented over several lectures during each eight week academic block, and the lectures with such demonstrations were interspersed between other traditional didactic lectures. To our satisfaction, not only did such non-traditional lecturing appear to help the students understand and learn better, but there was better attendance in these non-mandatory lectures, coupled with great enthusiasm, attention, and engagement during the lectures. Our goal in the classroom was to create an environment that helps students to learn effectively. This article presents a teaching approach that engages students by making them part of a classroom activity, which attracts the students' attention and invokes their curiosity with inexpensive home-made anatomy models.Keywords: Active learning; Anatomy Models; Student engagement. ResumoComo educador, você já se perguntou por que os alunos em sala de aula aprendem tão pouco apesar das inúmeras horas que você gastou aperfeiçoando sua aula? Por que depois de um breve período de tempo, os alunos começam a perder a atenção e o foco? Muitos professores têm experimentado esse fenômeno, alguns mais do que outros. Para abordar esta questão, no contexto de uma aula de 50 minutos incluímos várias demonstrações envolvendo estudantes voluntários e/ou modelos anatômicos caseiros. Diversos conceitos anatômicos, como a configuração da pleura, estruturas torácicas e do peritônio e estruturas abdominais/pélvicas, foram ilustrados em sala de aula usando materiais como folhas transparentes de plástico e luvas, caixas de papelão, garrafas de plástico e balões, e muitas vezes até os próprios alunos. Essa atividade foi planejada para atrair a curiosidade dos alunos, aumentando sua participação, interesse e engajamento durante os 50 minutos da aula. Essas mudanças foram implementadas ao longo de várias palestras durante as oito semanas de cada bloco acadêmico na VTCSOM, sendo intercaladas com outras palestras didáticas tradicionais. Para nossa satisfação não apenas esta forma não tradicional ajudou os alunos a entender e aprender melhor, mas também aumentou a frequênci...

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