Intrathoracic kidney (ITK) is an extremely rare congenital anomaly, often asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on chest radiography. Diagnosis in children is less frequent than in adults. It affects males more than females and is more common on the left side. Symptoms can be present if it is associated with diaphragmatic defect, herniation of abdominal contents or respiratory compromise. We report a case of a three-year-old boy with right ITK, diagnosed incidentally by chest radiography during treatment of lower respiratory tract infection and confirmed by chest computerized tomography scan.

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Background: Renal cysts are a heterogonous group of cystic renal diseases that present in approximately 40% of the patients undergoing imaging. Objective: To describe the role of the radiological imaging methods for the diagnosis of adult renal cystic diseases and their management. Methods: A descriptive study carried out for 218 patients of renal cystic diseases in adults in two Private Hospitals in Aden Province during the period from February 2006 to December 2014, diagnosed by ultrasonography, contrasted urography and computerized tomography determined the age, gender, frequency, and complications and type of treatment. Results: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) presented in 96 patients (44%), simple renal cysts 90 (41%), medullary sponge kidney 25 (11%), localized cystic renal disease (LCRD) six (3%) and adult multilocular cystic nephroma one (1%). Ultrasound correctly interpreted 179 patients (82%), nonvisualized 25 (11%), and inconclusive 13 (7%) contrasted urography correctly interpreted 176 (76%), nonvisualized 13 (6%) and inconclusive 19 (9%) and computerized tomography (CT) scan 199 patients (91%), six (3%) and 13 (6%) respectively. Complications occurred in 65 patients (68%) of ADPKD, 23 (25%) of simple renal cysts, 15 (60%) of medullary sponge kidney (MSK) and three patients (50%) of LCRD. Conservative treatment performed in 171 (78%) and surgical intervention in 47 patients (22%). Conclusion: The commonest renal cystic disease is adult dominant polycystic kidney. Ultrasound is inconclusive for renal cystic masses. CT scan is the effective imaging study for localized and multifocal renal cystic diseases, complications and associated pathology. The frequent complications occur in adult dominant polycystic kidney disease and medullary sponge kidney. Keywords: Adults, renal cystic diseases, imaging, management Citation: Akares SA, Bahomil AA. Radiological imaging diagnosis of adult renal cystic diseases and management. Iraqi JMS. 2020; 18(1): 12-20. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.18.1.3

Introduction: The kidney is the third most common injured solid organ in blunt abdominal trauma and the second most frequent in penetrating trauma. Significant complications and mortality can occur if not diagnosed and treated early. The purpose of the study is to determine the cause of injury, the frequency, complications, and death outcome in blunt and penetrating renal trauma in three hospitals in Aden Governorate. Methods: Retrospective study was carried out for 90 on adult patients with renal trauma during the period March 2010 to December 2019 in three Hospitals in Aden Governorate (Al Gamhoreah General Teaching Hospital, Saber and Al Naquib Private Hospitals). Demographic data included age, sex, mode of injury, and type of trauma, detailed history and careful physical examinations, hemodynamic stability evaluation and laboratory tests. Radiological investigation included fast ultrasound, computerized tomography and emergency intravenous urography in isolated renal trauma. Post-operative follow-up was done to detect complications and death outcome. Results: Ninety adult patients with blunt and penetrating renal trauma were included with 75 (83.3%) males and 15 women (16.7%). The most frequent age group was 21-30 years (52.2%). Motor vehicle accidents were the most common mode of injury in blunt trauma (66.7%) and gunshots in penetrating renal trauma (91.7%). Conservative treatment was done for 64.4% whereas 35.6% subjected to surgical intervention. Urologic complications involved 12.2 % and 5.5% died. Conclusions: Associated organ injuries are the frequent injuries in blunt renal trauma. Complications and death outcome are most common in penetrating renal trauma with associated injuries owing to severity of injury.