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Researchers working in the area of a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) strive to conserve the battery energy of individual nodes to reduce the frequency of a node breakdown. The model of multiple-path on demand data routing protocols has been an effective scheme for the majority of MANET application scenarios in recent times. The availability of multiple paths for data transfer can both prove to be effective as well as dismal in certain cases. The selection of the most suitable path is always tricky, if not associated with exact metrics of concern. The contribution of this work is the introduction of the load balancing ad hoc on-demand multipath distance vector (LBAOMDV) protocol, an adaptation of AOMDV, an ad hoc on-demand multipath distance vector protocol. The adaption is done in order to enhance the reliability of the given network by considering the parameter of path weight (energy) of all the available multiple paths. The LBAOMDV regulates the fair usage of both node energy and available bandwidth by exploiting the availability of multiple paths for data transfer. The uniform distribution of data across multiple paths enhances the quality of service of the given network by ensuring fair usage of both network bandwidth and node energy. The LBAOMDV protocol ensures reduced node breakdowns, thus enhancing the reliability of the given MANET.

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Cellular Vehicle to Everything (C-V2X) in 5G communications has attracted researchers' attention due to advantages such as higher throughput, data rate and lower delay, etc. However, achieving Quality of Service (QoS) in disseminating emergency messages is a challenging task due to frequent topology changes and concurrent link losses between vehicles. To address this issue, we propose the QoS guaranteed Routing and Emergency message Dissemination in Device-to-Device(D2D) communication (Q-REDD) assisted C-V2X. Primarily, we perform Stable Matching based Routing that assures low end-to-end delay via selecting the best forwarder. The Q-REDD method adopts the Enhanced Sphere Decoder Like (ESDL) algorithm to select the best device for establishing effective D2D communication in the C-V2X environment. If the requested content is not present in the nearby device, the discoverer device requests a 5G base station through a nearby pedestrian. To reduce broadcast storms, Q-REDD performs Chaotic Crow Search Algorithm (CCSA). To validate the performance of Q-REDD, we perform simulations on Omnet++ 4.6 and SUMO 0.21.0 simulator in terms of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), End to End delay, Throughput, and Emergency Information Coverage. The obtained results demonstrate that our method enhances the Throughput and PDR up to 30%, reduces End to End delay by 30%, and enhances Emergency Information Coverage by 23%, compared to the existing methods; GTLQR, GPSR, MIR, 2 , ALQ and TBED.