Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most important of the trichothecenes in terms of amounts and occurrence in wheat. This compound was shown to be associated with a glomerulonephropathy involving an increase of immunoglobulin A in humans. This study assessed the occurrence of DON in wheat flour and the exposure of Brazilian teenagers, adults and elderly to this mycotoxin due to intake of wheat flour-based products. DON extraction in wheat flour was carried out by solid phase extraction and the quantification was performed by ultra-high proficiency liquid chromatography with diode-array detection. A total of 77.9% of all samples were positive for DON, with concentrations ranging from 73.50 to 2794.63 µg kg. The intake was calculated for the average and 90th percentile of the contamination levels of DON in foods based-wheat for teenagers, adults and elderly in Brazil, and compared with the provisional maximum tolerable daily intakes (PMTDI). Females of all age groups were exposed to DON at higher levels when compared to males in regard of consumption of breads and pastas. Teenagers were the main consumers of foods derived from wheat flour, with maximum probable daily intakes of 1.28 and 1.20 µg kg b.w. day for females and males, respectively. This population is at an increased risk of exposure to DON due to consumption of wheat flour-based foods in Brazil.
A pandemia da COVID-19 apresentou uma necessidade tempestiva e efetiva de medidas de prevenção e controle sanitário, e diante disso, a Vigilância Sanitária, articulada com demais áreas e órgãos, também se constituiu como uma importante aliada. A partir da análise descritiva das ações desenvolvidas até 20 de julho de 2020 e da coleta de dados registrados no Sistema Estadual de Informação em Vigilância Sanitária, o estudo objetiva apresentar um relato de experiência da atuação da Vigilância Sanitária do Paraná e dos desafios encontrados frente a COVID-19. Um fórum decisório foi ativado e foram desenvolvidas notas orientativas considerando discussões entre diferentes áreas técnicas. Ações regulatórias foram imprescindíveis, realizadas por meio de Resoluções, assim como as fiscalizatórias. No sistema, registraram-se 7.535 ações relacionadas à COVID-19, executadas de forma descentralizada. A pandemia e a necessidade de enfrentá-la de forma coesa, concreta e coerente fortaleceu a importância do trabalho integrado e articulado em equipe.
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