Hematological complications in brucellosis are common. Pancytopenia, although mainly reported in adults has also been described in children with brucellosis. This investigation was conducted to estimate the relative frequency of pancytopenia in children with brucellosis. The current study was conducted in Al-Khafji joint operation hospital, Saudi Arabia. Sixty patients with brucellosis, were enrolled in the study. Complete blood count (CBC) and blood culture were performed for all cases. Bone marrow (BM) aspiration was considered only in those with pancytopenia. Out of 60 children with brucellosis, 50 (83%) ingested raw animal milk and 27 (45%) had a positive family history of brucellosis. The common presenting symptoms and signs included excessive sweating (68%), bone aches (62%), chills (55%), arthritis (32%), hepatomegaly (18%), and splenomegaly (15%). The main hematological manifestations included anemia (43%), leukopenia (38%) and leukocytosis (20%). Pancytopenia was detected in 11 patients (18%). Blood culture for Brucella was positive in 38% (23 patients). B.melitensis from 21 patients was cultured in vitro. Out of 9 BM aspirate cultures, 3 were positive for B. melitensis. Out of 11 patients with pancytopenia, 9 (82%) patients had bone aches and weakness, 7 (64%) patients had sweating and chills, and 6 (55%) patients had petechiea and purpura. Conclusion: The current study concludes that although pancytopenia is an uncommon complication of brucellosis in children, it does occur. Therefore, brucellosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pancytopenia in children, particularly in endemic areas such as Saudi Arabia.

Among all fungal endophytes isolates derived from different ethno-medical plants, the hyper-yield L-asparaginase and L-glutaminase wild strains Trichoderma sp. Gen 9 and Cladosporium sp. Gen 20 using rice straw under solid-state fermentation (SSF) were selected. The selected strains were used as parents for the intergeneric protoplast fusion program to construct recombinant strain for prompt improvement production of these enzymes in one recombinant strain. Among 21 fusants obtained, the recombinant strain AYA 20-1, with 2.11-fold and 2.58-fold increase in L-asparaginase and L-glutaminase activities more than the parental isolates Trichoderma sp. Gen 9 and Cladosporium sp. Gen 20, respectively, was achieved using rice straw under SSF. Both therapeutic enzymes L-asparaginase and L-glutaminase were purified and characterized from the culture supernatant of the recombinant AYA 20-1 strain with molecular weights of 50.6 and 83.2 kDa, respectively. Both enzymes were not metalloenzymes. Whereas thiol group blocking reagents such as p-chloromercurybenzoate and iodoacetamide totally inhibited L-asparaginase activity, which refer to sulfhydryl groups and cysteine residues involved in its catalytic activity, they have no effect toward L-glutaminase activity. Interestingly, potent anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities were detected for both enzymes.

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Bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria have been widely studied in recent years; however, there is a little study for explained their chemical compositions. This study was amid to isolate and identification Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from meat in Jeddah -Saudi Arabia on (MRS) medium. Forty isolates of LAB showed antibacterial activities against indicator bacteria Gram negative bacteria K. pneumonia ATCC700603, E.coli ATCC25422, P.aeruginosa, ATCC27583 and Gram positive bacteria S .aureus ATCC25923. Also antibacterial activities was screened by agar well diffusion method, results showed that ten out of 40 (25%) of the tested isolates have activities against all indicator bacteria. Isolates of LAB with the highest antimicrobial effect were identified on the basis of its genetically sequencing. Results revealed that the M8 isolate have 96% identity with Leuconostoc mesentroides and was the highest bacteriocin producer. So it has been selected for the current investigation. The effect of different factors such as (inoculums concentrations, incubation temperature, incubation period, pH and aeration) on the production was studied. The pointed to the best condition for the bacteriocin production of highest amount of bacteriocin was incubation of static culture at 35°C for 24 hr. and pH 6.2.

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and type of microbial contamination, associated with contact lenses and lens care accessories used by a group of contact lens wearers. Results show that a total of 178 strains were isolated, including, 100 Gram positive and 78 Gram negative bacteria. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most common microorganisms isolated (25.281 and 13.483% respectively. 24 P. aeruginosa were isolated from lenses and eyes of contact lens and non-contact lens wearers. All isolates were susceptible to the tested aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. Aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin) were more efficient than β-lactams. 91.67% of the strains had intermediate-resistant to cefotaximee; 4.17% were resistant and 4.17% were sensitive to Cefotaximee. 95.83% of the strains were sensitive, while 4.17% were resistant to Imipenem. 20.83 and 12.5% of P. aeruginosa strains were resistant and sensitive to Ceftriaxone respectively, while 66.67% were moderately-resistant to ceftriaxone of the β-lactam class. All isolates were sensitive to the other tested β-lactam.