Introduction: Maternal behaviour regarding child health care has been recognized as an important social and anthropological factor explaining high mortality rates among children under five years of age. Delays in seeking appropriate health care is known to be the largest risk behaviour which contribute large number of child deaths in developing countries especially in Pakistan. Mothers are mostly responsible for their child health, however, the importance of knowledge among mothers while in identifying the danger sign in their child are very imperative for preventing their illness. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted in an urban setting in Karachi city. The objective of study was to assess the knowledge of mother's regarding danger signs in their child illness and their care seeking behavior with aims to improve the neonatal and child health in Pakistan. Results: The majority of respondent mothers (81.5%) were literate, housewives (90%). Regarding child care the mothers are responsible for the immediate needs of their child. In the context of breast feeding and immunization of the infants, majority of the mothers were aware of practicing early initiation and uses of colostrum because of its importance. Although a large proportion of mothers (90.1%) sought 'appropriate' care for childhood illness, generally care was sought from private doctors (69.4%) instead of government medical practitioners. Conclusion: Study concluded that the Health seeking behviour of mothers has been found appropriate, however, their knowledge regarding the danger signs and illness of their children was reported low. It is recommended that some urgent awareness intervention by the policy makers for reducing the child death should be given to increase their knowledge on the danger sign of child diseases in Pakistan.

Adolescence is one of the fundamental processes of life, where transformation in composition of the body along with behavioral and physiological take place making the adolescents one of the most vulnerable group of population in the community and it is extremely important to take care of their nutritional as well as health status. Present study was carried out to find the prevalence of obesity in adolescents of Islamabad, so that; their health and well-being can be improved. A total of 315 adolescents studying in different schools both male and female within the age range of 15-19 were selected after proper sample size calculation. For data collection a pre-tested self-report questionnaire was used in order to find out the level of obesity and factors leading to overweight and obesity. Results reveal that 74% of the adolescents living in Islamabad had a normal body mass index (BMI)-for-age, 17.4% are overweight while 8.5% are obese. It was found that with increase in age and grade, level of overweight and obesity was higher.

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