This article discusses the role of innovative digital technologies in medicine to improve its competitiveness and efficiency of organization and management in health care, as well as improving the quality of treatment. Health care shows the diversity of achievements and the flow of innovations based on technology. Most of the innovations that the author will describe here are still at the initial stage of development. Everyone is impressive in their own way. But the good news is that these innovations have been opened up from the traditional healthcare system to “unified medicine”. The goal is to identify and prevent the disease, along with treatment. In an outdated model of medicine, the necessary data is scattered between paper files, or classified into an electronic medical record system. Today, its improved model is being implemented. This is an individual technology for continuous monitoring of vital functions and comprehensive presentation of information about the patient’s health status. The development of information technologies and home self-monitoring devices leads to the creation of convenient services for remote consultation of citizens who care about their health.

The data on seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Kazakhstani population are non-existent, but are needed for planning of public health interventions targeted to COVID-19 containment. The aim of the study was to estimate the seropositivity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Kazakhstani population from 2020 to 2021. We relied on the data obtained from the results from “IN VITRO” laboratories of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for class G immunoglobulins (IgG) and class M (IgM) to SARS-CoV-2. The association of COVID-19 seropositivity was assessed in relation to age, gender, and region of residence. Additionally, we related the monitoring of longitudinal seropositivity with COVID-19 statistics obtained from Our World in Data. The total numbers of tests were 68,732 for SARS-CoV-2 IgM and 85,346 for IgG, of which 22% and 63% were positive, respectively. The highest rates of positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM results were seen during July/August 2020. The rate of IgM seropositivity was the lowest on 25 October 2020 (2%). The lowest daily rate of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG was 17% (13 December 2020), while the peak of IgG seropositivity was seen on 6 June 2021 (84%). A longitudinal serological study should be envisaged to facilitate understanding of the dynamics of the epidemiological situation and to forecast future scenarios.

Background: The asthma burden is growing worldwide, and this is predisposed by environmental and occupational exposures as well as individual risk factors. This study was aimed at a comparison of diagnostic accuracy of spirometry and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) in asthma screening of adult patients with lung function abnormalities that present at the level of primary care. Methods: This study was conducted in Shymkent city, South Kazakhstan, the third most populous city of the country with developed industries and high rates of pulmonary diseases. Four hundred and ninety-five adult patients with lung function abnormalities were enrolled in the study and underwent two screening tests (spirometry and PEFR). The diagnosis of asthma was verified by a qualified pulmonologist after performance of screening tests and was based on symptoms, medical history, and laboratory and lung function tests. Results: The sensitivity of spirometry was 0.97 and that of PEFR was 0.95 (p = 0.721), whereas the specificity of spirometry was 0.37 and that of PEFR was 0.28 (p = 0.227). Both tests yielded the same results for the positive predictive value (0.98). The negative predictive value was significantly higher for spirometry versus PEFR (0.23 versus 0.08; p = 0.006). The positive and negative likelihood ratios of the two tests also differed significantly (p = 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively), whereas the overall accuracy was comparable between the two tests (0.96 for spirometry and 0.94 for PEFR; p = 0.748). Conclusion: Ambulatory PEFR monitoring is non-inferior to the monitoring of the forced expiratory volume in 1 second and could be used for screening purposes on equal grounds with spirometry.

Фон . Республика Казахстан уделяет особое внимание развитию кадров общей практики (ВОП) за последние три десятилетия. Это исследование было направлено на предоставление описательного распределения врачей общей практики между различными административными единицами Казахстана по основным показателям здоровья за период 2015-2019 гг. Методы . Это было ретроспективное перекрестное исследование, основанное на данных, полученных из реестра медицинских кадров. Данные о смертности от всех причин, смертности от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, материнской и младенческой смертности получены из ежегодных статистических отчетов, выпускного министерства здравоохранения. Полученные результаты .В настоящее время врачи общей практики составляют основную часть медицинского персонала в Казахстане. В Казахстане наблюдается стабильное снижение показателей сердечно-сосудистой, материнской и младенческой смертности в период 2015-2019 гг. Заключение . Врачи общей практики - передовые деятели казахстанской системы здравоохранения. Необходимо изучить другие факторы, способствующие улучшению основных показателей здоровья в Казахстане.

Background: To evaluate functional visceral adipose tissue (VAT) activity assessed by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) as a predictive factor of metastases in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods: We reviewed study protocols and PET/CT data of 534 CRC patients; 474 patients were subsequently excluded for various reasons. The remaining 60 patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma were then prospectively assessed and were exposed to 18F-FDG PET/CT after a surgical treatment and chemoradiotherapy. Age, histology, stage, and tumor grade data were recorded. Functional VAT activity was verified with maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) using 18F-FDG PET/CT and tested as a predictive factor of later metastases in eight subdomains of abdominal regions (RE – epigastric region, RLH – left hypochondriac region, RRL – right lumbar region, RU – umbilical region, RLL – left lumbar region, RRI – right inguinal region, RP – hypogastric (pubic) region, RLI – left inguinal region) and pelvic cavity (P) in the adjusted regression models. In addition, we studied the best areas under the curve (AUC) for SUVmax with the corresponding sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp). Results: In both adjusted for age regression models and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, 18F-FDG accumulation in RLH (cut-off SUVmax 0.74; Se 75%; Sp 61%; AUC 0.668; p=0.049), RU (cut-off SUVmax 0.78; Se 69%; Sp 61%; AUC 0.679; p=0.035), RRL (cut-off SUVmax 1.05; Se 69%; Sp 77%; AUC 0.682; p=0.032) and RRI (cut-off SUVmax 0.85; Se 63%; Sp 61%; AUC 0.672; p=0.043) could predict later metastases in CRC patients, as opposed to age, sex, primary tumor location, tumor grade and histology. Conclusions: Functional VAT activity was importantly related to later metastases in CRC patients and can be used as their predictive factor.