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<p><strong>Aim</strong> <br />Distal radius/forearm fractures in adolescent patients remain challenging injuries to treat. Distal radius/forearm bony anatomy is not completely restored with intramedullary K wire fixation. The aim of this study was to compare radiographic and functional outcomes obtained using intramedullary K wire fixation and open reduction and internal fixation in the treatment of distal radius/forearm fracture.<br /><strong>Methods<br /></strong> A total of 43 patients who presented with distal radius/forearm fractures were enrolled and divided into two groups: 23<br />patients treated with K-wire (IMNK) and 20 patients treated with plate and screws (ORIF). The evaluation criteria were: fracture healing time, objective quality of life measured by the Mayo wrist score (MWS) and quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score (QuickDash), length time of surgery, complications, sport or play return, forearm visual analogic pain (FVAS), bone healing by radius union scoring system (RUSS).<br /><strong>Results</strong> <br />In both groups the results obtained were comparable in terms of functional, pain and return to play/sport after the third<br />month after surgery. Bone healing was faster in IMNK than ORIF but without significance (p>0.05). There was less complication in ORIF than IMNK (p<0.05).<br /><strong>Conclusion</strong> <br />The treatment of adolescent distal radius or forearm fractures remains challenging. One challenge facing the physician<br />is the choice of surgical technique and fixation method, which will be influenced by individual experience and preference.<br />The question of distal radius or forearm fractures in adolescents would be best answered with a prospective randomized study.</p>

PurposeA mild delay in gross motor milestones and walking age has been reported in infants with clubfoot. The influence of different treatments on motor development has been poorly investigated. Some parents and physical therapists express concern that the Ponseti method (PM) and its constraints (abduction brace, casts) would affect development more than the French physical therapy method (FM) due to greater immobilization and lesser stimulation.The purpose of this study was to evaluate achievement of three motor milestones (pull-to-standing, cruising and independent walking) in two groups of clubfoot patients treated at two experienced institutes respectively with the PM and FM.MethodsIn all, 52 consecutive infants (full-term at birth, mean age at beginning of treatment 24.3 days (sd 10), mean Dimeglio score 12 (sd 3.4)) were prospectively enrolled (26 patients per centre) and followed up to walking age recording milestones.ResultsThe two groups were not different in terms of age at the beginning of treatment (p = 0.067) and rate of tenotomy. Age at tenotomy was significantly lower in the PM group (p = 0.000). Severity (p = 0.004) and number of bilateral cases (p = 0.012) were higher in the PM group. A non-significant difference was found for age of achievement of pull-to-standing (p = 0.109), cruising (p = 0.253) and independent ambulation (p = 0.349) between the two groups. Overall, milestones were achieved approximately two months later than normal population. Sex, severity, laterality and need of tenotomy were not found to significantly influence milestones.ConclusionOur results confirmed that infants with clubfoot are expected to have a minimum delay in motor development. Infants treated with the PM and those treated with the FM did not show significant differences in gross motor milestones achievement at walking age.Level of EvidenceLevel II – Prospective comparative therapeutic studies

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