SummaryPrimary historical, epigraphic and archeological evidence and research on Early Hellenistic Colophon are re-examined in this study. More specifically, the article deals with a famous inscription found on the site at the beginning of the 20
The restoration (apodosis) of the so-called ‚Little Sea’ to Iasus, acted by Alexander the Great and known thanks to the decree IIasos 24 + 30 is herein examined and dated to the final years of the reign of the Macedon, when the Hecatomnid princess Ada was replaced by the new satrap, the Macedonian Philoxenus (326/4–323 BCE). The area, traditionally considered as a sort of vast fishing-ground, is reinterpreted from a new economic viewpoint, as an important site of salt pans and pasturages on regional scale. The apodosis may have produced, therefore, high revenues for the city, perhaps to be used in part (but there is complete uncertainty about this) for the ekklesiastikon payment described in IIasos 20. This event could be interpreted as one of the most relevant expressions of the king’s interest for the autonomia of the Greeks in the coastal area of north-western Caria.
Riassunto:
Le fonti relative alle paludi di Eritre in Asia Minore sono qui riesaminate in chiave storico-ambientale. La menzione dell'organizzazione degli heleoreontes o ‚Guardiani delle paludi‘ su una pietra confinaria dai dintorni di Eritre fornisce evidenza circa l'amministrazione della chōra cittadina nel periodo tardo Classico – primo Ellenistico. Una nuova datazione per l'iscrizione è suggerita, precisamente al tardo IV secolo a. C., quando le città greche della costa anatolica furono conquistate dai Macedoni. I ‚Guardiani delle paludi‘ erano probabilmente membri di una delle chiliastyes (‚gruppi di mille‘) territoriali forse introdotte sotto Alessandro Magno. L'evidenza disponibile induce ad annoverare le locali paludi nel gruppo delle antiche e oggi per lo più estinte ‚foreste allagate‘ mediterranee.
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