[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, symptoms of, and risk factors for low back pain among dentists as well as to discover the possible correlation of these factors with working posture and how to reduce their prevalence. [Subjects and Methods] The study was conducted among 60 dentists (28 male and 32 female) with a mean age of 25.7 years. Dentists were evaluated with the self-administered Nordic musculoskeletal evaluation chart, postural discomfort chart, and a self-prepared questionnaire. [Results] The data showed a 70% incidence of back pain among dentists, with low back pain predominating in 47.6% of cases. Most of the subjects (90.5%) had a mild-to-moderate level of severity, and only 9.5% had a severe level of low back pain. The majority of the dentists (57%) treated 1–3 patients per day. Only a few dentists (17%) exercised during their rest period even though 57% of them reported taking a break during their working hours. Although 63% of the dentists were aware of the advantages of assistive tools, only 40% of them used any kind of assistive devices. [Conclusion] Dental professionals demonstrate a high prevalence of low back pain.

No abstract

Application of dyspnea-management guidelines has enhanced patients' knowledge of their disease, practice, as well as dyspnea and anxiety levels. Health instruction materials for COPD patients can be useful by means of providing simplified guidelines, explanatory videos, leaflets, and/or brochures to clarify, avoid, and manage dyspnea. An additional estimate of the outcome of instructions to avoid and improve dyspnea and distress reactions in a larger sample size is proposed.

Background: Coccydynia is a pain in the coccyx. It mainly affects females. Approximately 14% of coccydynia occurs due to delivery trauma. Muscle Energy Technique (MET) is mainly used to treat the musculoskeletal disorders. The effect of MET in gynecological disorders is not clear yet. Objective: This study was an attempt to determine effect of MET in treating post-partum coccydynia. Participants and method: Forty multi-parus females, suffering from coccydynia after 6 weeks postpartum participated in this study. Their ages ranged from (25-35) years, parity (3-5) and their body mass index did not exceed 35 Kg/m 2 . They were randomly divided into two equal groups. The study group (A) received MET with phonophoresis (PP) and home programme based on MET for four weeks, 3 sessions per week. The control group (B) received PP only. Assessment of all participants in both groups A and B was carried out before and after the treatment program using numeric rating scale (NRS), The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and plasma cortisol level. Results: There was a significant improvement in pain level, functional ability and plasma cortisol levels after treatment in each group and there was a significant difference between the two groups for the benefit to group (A). Conclusion: "MET combined with PP demonstrate a significant difference in pain reduction and improvement of functional mobility in patients with post-partum coccydynia."