The Cambridge framework is a tool for evaluating the involvement of patients in the educational process, which could be used by curriculum planners and teachers to review and monitor the extent to which patients are actively involved. Areas for further research include looking at the 'added value' of using real, as opposed to simulated, patients; more work on outcomes for patients (other than satisfaction); the role of real patients in assessment; and the strengths and weaknesses of different models of patient involvement.

BackgroundVisiting-specialist clinics (specialist outreach) have the potential to overcome some of the substantial access barriers faced by disadvantaged rural, remote, and Indigenous communities, but the effectiveness of outreach clinics has not been assessed outside urban and non-disadvantaged settings. We aimed to assess the effects of outreach clinics on access, referral patterns, and care outcomes in remote communities in Australia.

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Patterns of diabetic foot disease which are not commonly recognized are described in the present study; the severity and cost of the problem are documented; and some factors which lead to poor outcome, such as late presentation, are identified. Attention should be paid, through a multidisciplinary team, to timely referral from primary care, patient education, total contact casts and appropriate revascularization.