Pigment printing might be considered as a common and widely used technique for printing textiles due to its simple application to most fabrics and moderately clean and environmentally agreeable perspectives. 1 However, owing to the absence of pigment affinity for fibres the utilisation of a binding agent in the printing pastes is required to fix pigment particles on the fibre surface to acquire reasonable colour performance. [2][3][4][5] The thermal fixation of the conventional high concentration of binder in the pigment prints is accompanied by high curing temperature that wastes energy, runs the risk of destroying heat-sensitive substrates such as polypropylene, acrylic and polyester (PES) as well as increasing the roughness and solid content. 1 In this manner, further application is hindered and unfit to meet the wearability and comfort prerequisites of textiles. 6,7 Traditional printing methods are uneconomical and labour-intensive because of high downtime, high engraving and labour costs, lengthy set-up times for production like colour matching, print paste preparation, sampling, design and enrollment. 8,9 Digital printing of textiles offers many expected advantages over customary screen-printing techniques. It eliminates the setup cost associated with screen preparation and can potentially enable cost-effective short-run production. It permits special visualisations, such as tonal gradients and

The dyeing of recycled polyamide nonwoven fabrics based on nanofibers (PA-NWNF), which were fabricated from polyamide wastes, was conducted in this study. Since PA-NWNF exhibited a high surface area to volume ratio, it was dyed with different particle sizes of Disperse Red 167 dye (DR 167, DR 167-B, and DR 167-C) without auxiliary agents to prevent further environmental pollution. The undyed and dyed PA-NWNF, as well as the applied dyes, were characterized by SEM, BET, XRD, and FT-IR techniques. Both color yield (K/S) and fastness of dyed PA-NWNF were also evaluated. The morphology of dyed DR 167-C owned homogeneity and smooth nanofibers. In addition, DR 167-C dye (the smallest particle size) provided numerous advantages, including high particle dispersion, low dyeing temperature, minimum processing time, and greater color yield. At a concentration of 15%, DR 167-C produced 55.1 and 33.18% color yields which were higher than DR 167 and DR 167-B, respectively. Also, DR 167-C achieved a better colorfastness to washing (very good, 4) compared to other studied dyes.

This study investigates the recycling of polyamide 6 (PA 6) wastes to produce nonwoven fabrics based on nanofibers (PA‐NWNF) to promote sustainable textile solid waste management and generate a novel material with exceptional properties. PA‐NWNF characteristics can be controlled by adjusting the electrospinning parameters. A comprehensive characterization will be performed using various analytical techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), to evaluate the unique properties as a function of the electrospinning parameters. According to the SEM results, concentrations of 21% are suitable to produce nanofiber with a well‐defined morphology, provided that the applied voltage is maintained at 20 kV and the collecting distance is above 10 cm, irrespective of the flow rate in the established protocol. XRD and FTIR analysis indicate a gradual decrease in the α‐phase and a simultaneous increase in the γ‐phase as the solution concentration increases. Moreover, low applied voltage favored β‐form crystallization over γ and α‐forms predominant at the higher voltage. DMA and BET data reveal that the elongated droplets formed at lower concentration exhibit a low storage modulus, high damping factor, highest surface area, and smallest pore diameters.

The research includes a treatment and restoration of a piece of textile from the Abbasid period which decorated with writing. It was stored in the Egyptian Textile Museum. The piece has been found in a severe damage case that led to the weak fibers. It has many missing areas, stains and dirt. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the fibers to identify them and to characterize their deterioration. UV Analysis was used to identify the type of dye and identify the type of adhesive which the piece pasted with it on a free acid paper. The piece was treated by supporting it by using needle work. Finally the piece was prepared for museum display.

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