Background: Ultrasound (US) is the best technique for imaging tendons as it allows dynamic tendon examination. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can be utilized to enhance detection and evaluation of several wrist disorders. Magnetic Resonance arthrography (MRA) is the modality of choice for triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) assessment. Objective: The aim of this work was to evaluate diagnostic and interventional management of MRI and US in painful wrist conditions. Patients and Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 50 patients aging from 12 to 66 years with wrist pain. All patients were subjected to MRI, MRA and US examination. Results: US predicted bone fracture, ganglion cysts, late avascular necrosis, first, second, third, fourth and sixth (extensor carpi ulnaris) compartment tendon involvement, flexor tendon injury, median nerve involvement, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritic changes. Conclusions: US showed promising results regarding the examination of superficial bony and soft tissue structures of the wrist. However, MRI is better for evaluation of internal wrist derangement. Ultrasound is also highly operator dependent. MRA is highly accurate for the evaluation of TFCC and ligamentous injury of the wrist joint.

Introduction: Uterine artery embolization (UAE) has been used to treat symptomatic uterine leiomyomas, as women choose to preserve their uterus, uterus sparing techniques such as UAE have been developed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence signal characteristics and the degree of leiomyoma enhancement may be used to predict the response of leiomyoma to UAE.  Objective: to investigate role of UAE in different uterine myomas with follow up by MRI. Materials and methods: This prospective observational study was included 40 females with clinical criteria of symptomatic fibroid who weren’t suitable or refuse the other modalities of treatment and underwent UAE. All patients were undergone pre-procedure pelvic ultrasound and pelvic MRI, and post-procedure pelvic MRI.  Results: There was a significant decrease in the uterine volume post embolization in all patients with infarction more than 50% occurred in 38 (95%) patients. Bleeding and anemia in patients who had improved were significantly higher than those who were unchanged/recurrent (P value <0.05). Post embolization syndrome occurred in 10 patients (25%), only one patient (2.5%) had puncture site hematoma, two patients (5%) complained with pelvic infection and re-bleeding occurred in 5 (12.55%) patients.

Imaging of children who had symptoms and signs of pyelonephritis is aimed to diagnosis of renal injury and identification of risk factors for pyelonephritis that might be uncovered during imaging includes vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR). The purpose of this study was to determine the role of static renal scintigraphy in diagnosis of pediatric renal pyelonephritis and the value of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in diagnosis. This study was carried out on 50 patients in Radiology Department at Mansoura Urology and Nephrology center and Radiology department at Tanta university hospitals. High grade vesicoureteric reflux "VUR" (grade IV & V) was detected in 70% of the cases. 42.8% of the cases had vesicoureteric reflux in both kidneys, 42.8% of the cases had VUR only on the left side and 14.2% of the cases had VUR on the right side. A statistical significance was found between grades of pyelonephritis and grades of vescio-ureteric reflux, so there was a strong association between high grade VUR and renal pyelonephritis. It was found that no significant difference was found as regard to the number of abnormal segments detected by static renal scintigraphy and SPECT imaging. Static renal scintigraphy is considered the gold standard for diagnosis of children with pyelonephritis and detection the risk of renal scarring due to recurrent infection. SPECT offers no statistically significant diagnostic advantage over static images for detection of cortical defects.

Background: Posterior Mediastinal lesions are relatively common and represent 23-30% of all mediastinal lesions; 40% of these lesions are an incidental finding. Multidetector CT (MDCT) has shorter imaging time and better spatial resolution than MRI, especially in mediastinum; it is more widely available & less expensive. The additional role of CT is in performing CT guided biopsies if needed. This study aimed to evaluate the role of MSCT in the diagnosis of mediastinal lesions based on the characteristic imaging appearances, which can lead to a correct diagnosis and optimal management. The post-processing technique further improves the diagnosis and surgical planning. Patients and Methods: This study included 30 patients with posterior mediastinal lesions evaluated according to clinical data, diagnostic imaging procedure (MSCT), and histopathological evaluation. Most of the cases in this study had a lesion raised from the LN and vessels by 23.3%. Results: Metastatic lymphadenopathy was the commonest lesion in our study, 13.3%, followed by lymphoma 10.3% and neurogenic tumors 10%. Benign lesions were 60%, while the malignant lesion represents 40% of all cases. Multiple CT features of each posterior mediastinal lesion were used to predict the nearest histological diagnosis. The accuracy of MSCT in our study was 93.3%. Conclusion: MSCT has a practical and significant role in the assessment & evaluation of the posterior mediastinal lesions according to the anatomical origin, the CT feature of the lesion (solid or cystic), density, the effect on the surroundings, the distribution pattern, and extent of the lesion.

Background: MRI can specifically diagnose some certain pathologic types by providing accurate information on fat, collagen and hemorrhage. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, an emerging non-invasive MRI technique, is of the capability to evaluate the extent of microscopic diffusion which might exist in biologic tissues. Evidence has shown that DWI-MRI and ADC were beneficial in differentiating malignant from benign ovarian lesions and may be helpful to predict suboptimal cytoreduction in ovarian cancer. The aim of this study to assess the role of magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion weighted images in the assessment and differentiation of ovarian cystic lesions. Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 30 female patients who are proved by ultrasound to have ovarian cystic lesions.  Selected patients were given butylscopolamine bromide (20mg) administered IV or intramuscularly at the beginning of the examination. Imaging is performed with the patient in the supine position with an empty urinary bladder. A distended urinary bladder is not recommended because it increases phase ghost artifacts and can compress the uterus. Results: As regards diagnosis according to Ultrasound examination, revealed that ovarian cancer and simple cyst were the most frequent (26.7% and 20% respectively), followed by Tubo-ovarian hydrosalpinx and Hemorrhagic cyst (10%) each. Ovarian serous cyst adenoma constituted (6.7%), while pyosalpinx, PCO, hydrosalpinx, and endometrial cyst constitutes (3.3%) each. As regards diagnosis according to MRI examination, Simple cyst and ovarian cancer were the most frequent (13.3%) each, followed by Tubo-ovarian hydrosalpinx and Hemorrhagic cyst (10%) each. Krekenberg tumor, Ovarian dermoid, and Ovarian serous cyst adenoma constituted 6.7% each. As regards the ADC value was significantly lower in the malignant lesions (0.7*103) than benign ones (0.9*103). As regards histopathologic confirmation, 23 cases of the studied women, Ovarian cancer (17.4%), Tubo-ovarian hydrosalpinx (13.0%), and Hemorrhagic cyst (13.0%) were the most common diagnosis. Ovarian dermoid, Krekenberg tumor, and Ovarian serous cyst adenoma constituted 8.7% each. Other less frequent diagnosis included Endometeriotic cyst, Hydrosalpnix, Mucinous cystadenoma, Ovarian serous cyst adenocarcinoma, Ovarian dysgerminoma and Terato-dermoid (4.3%) each. The mean ADC value was significantly lower in the malignant lesions than benign ones. At a cut off ≤0.7, ADC showed a significant good diagnostic value of malignant lesions with sensitivity, Specificity, and an accuracy. Conclusions: DWI to conventional MRI is an important tool. It improves the specificity of MRI and thus increasing radiologist’s confidence in image interpretation which will finally reflect on patients’outcome and prognosis. Cost effective technique (no additional cost to MRI examination), was easily added to MR study protocols.