These findings suggest that a generalized inflammatory state may be present in individuals with PD or PTSD.

No abstract

Objectives-Cigarette smoking in individuals with bipolar disorder has been associated with suicidal behavior, although the precise relationship between the two remains unclear.Methods-In this prospective observational study of 116 individuals with bipolar disorder, we examined the association between smoking and suicidality as measured by Linehan's Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire (SBQ) and prospective suicide attempts over a nine-month period. Impulsivity was measured by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale.Results-Smoking was associated with higher baseline SBQ scores in univariate and adjusted analyses, but was not significant after statistical adjustment for impulsivity in a regression model. A higher proportion of smokers at baseline made a suicide attempt during the follow-up period (5/31, 16.1%) compared to nonsmokers (3/85, 3.5%); p = 0.031, odds ratio = 5.25 (95% confidence interval: 1.2-23.5). Smoking at baseline also significantly predicted higher SBQ score at nine months.Conclusions-In this study, current cigarette smoking was a predictor of current and ninemonth suicidal ideation and behavior in bipolar disorder, and it is likely that impulsivity accounts for some of this DisclosuresIn the last five years, MJO has received consulting fees/honoraria from Concordant Rater Systems, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly & Co., Forest, GlaxoSmithKline, Massachusetts General Hospital Psychiatry Academy, Janssen, and Pfizer. In the last five years, RHP has received consulting fees/honoraria from AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly & Co., GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, and Proteus; has received speakers fees from AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly & Co., GlaxoSmithKline, and Pfizer; and has been a stockholder in Concordant Rater Systems, LLC. In the past three years, AAN has received research support from Cyberonics, Cederroth, Ortho-McNeil-Janssen, Pfizer, Pam Labs, and Shire; consulted to and served on advisory boards of Abbott Laboratories, Appliance Computing, Inc., Brain Cells., Inc, Bristol-Myers Squibb, EpiQ, Pam Labs, PGX Health, Forest, Eli Lilly & Co, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Jazz, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Schering-Plough, Sepracor, Shire, Somerset, Takeda, and Targacept; has received honoraria from the MGH Psychiatry Academy [supported in 2008 through Independent Medical Education (IME) grants from AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly & Co., and Janssen]; and has owned stock options in Appliance Computing, Inc. NMS has received research grants from AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cephalon, Forest, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Eli Lilly & Co., NARSAD, NIMH, Pfizer, UCB-Pharma, and Sepracor; has served on advisory boards or provided consultation for the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, Paramount Biosciences, Pfizer, Sepracor, and Solvay; and has served as speaker/CME presenter for AstraZeneca, Forest, MGH Psychiatry Academy, Janssen, Eli Lilly & Co., Pfizer, and UCBPharma. RTL, HGL, SJM, and GSS have no conflicts of interest related to this work. .9] and 33.4% of those with bip...

The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) introduced numerous revisions to the fourth edition's (DSM-IV) criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), posing a challenge to clinicians and researchers who wish to assess PTSD symptoms continuously over time. The aim of this study was to develop a crosswalk between the DSM-IV and DSM-5 versions of the PTSD Checklist (PCL), a widely used self-rated measure of PTSD symptom severity. Participants were 1,003 U.S. veterans (58.7% with PTSD) who completed the PCL for DSM-IV (the PCL-C) and DSM-5 (the PCL-5) during their participation in an ongoing longitudinal registry study. In a randomly selected training sample (n = 800), we used equipercentile equating with loglinear smoothing to compute a "crosswalk" between PCL-C and PCL-5 scores. We evaluated the correspondence between the crosswalk-determined predicted scores and observed PCL-5 scores in the remaining validation sample (n = 203). The results showed strong correspondence between crosswalkpredicted PCL-5 scores and observed PCL-5 scores in the validation sample, ICC = .96. Predicted PCL-5 scores performed comparably to observed PCL-5 scores when examining their agreement with PTSD diagnosis ascertained by clinical interview: predicted PCL-5, κ = 0.57; observed PCL-5, κ = 0.59. Subsample comparisons indicated that the crosswalk's accuracy did not differ across characteristics including gender, age, racial minority status, and PTSD status. The results support the validity of this newly developed PCL-C to PCL-5 crosswalk in a veteran sample, providing a tool with which to interpret and translate scores across the two measures.