Across the doctrine, organization, training, leadership and education, personnel, facilities, and policy (DOTLPF-P) domains, the U.S. Army has, and follows, formal processes to make changes in each, and the Army appears to use all these processes frequently. a Although the Army is currently making significant changes to these processes, many aspects of its current approach appear to be successful. However, there are issues to keep in mind when making changes in some domains, including the following:■ Doctrine and policy are changed frequently, and these changes follow the guidelines for creation and revision dictated by Headquarters, Department of the Army (HQDA), as well as U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) guidance and regulations. Primary mechanisms that help ensure success are funding, prioritization, and comment resolution.■ In the organization domain, any issues that arise throughout the process are typically related to disagreements over prioritization or a failure to appropriately resource the organizational change.■ In the leadership and education domain, the most significant hurdle is that changes typically require substantial lead times for development and implementation.■ In the facilities domain, challenges can arise because changes often lag those made in the other DOTLPF-P domains.Our results converge on three factors that should be considered as necessary, but not sufficient, conditions for improving the likelihood of success of a solution or change: b ■ Initial and continued senior-leader interest and support can enable the implementation and success of a solution, particularly support from the Chief of Staff of the Army or Vice Chief of Staff of the Army for cross-proponent cases. However, strategic objectives and operational demands can change a leader's priorities.■ Rapid institutionalization allows for a solution to "hit the streets" relatively quickly and become part of the broader Army (both organizationally and culturally). c Once adopted and employed, a change or solution-especially if its utility is continually demonstrated-becomes more enduring.■ Demonstrated operational utility provides a rationale for a solution or change to be resourced and amended (as warranted) because it meets deployed-unit needs. If the operational environment changes, the solution must continue to show both utility and adaptability, preferably across a range of environments and under varying conditions.

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