Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinicopathological characteristics, treatment and outcomes of spindle cell carcinoma. Study Design: Retrospective study Place and Duration: Multi-centric (MMDC, Multan and Dow university of Health Sciences, Karachi) Nov 2020-July 2021. Methods: There were 40 patients of both genders were presented in this study, patients were aged between 20-70 years. Patients detailed demographics were recorded after taking informed written consent. Patients with primary tongue disease comprised 17 of 40, 13 had primary paranasal sinus disease, 5 had primary hypopharynx disease, 3 had basic vocal cord disease and 2 had primary soft palate and floor of mouth disease. At least 28 people were treated with the goal of becoming entirely repaired (19 patients required surgery only and eight were treated with combined modality). The remaining 12 patients were given palliative care as a last resort. Results: Mean age of the patients was 27.77±4.49 years with mean BMI 25.19±7.64 kg/m2. Male predominance was seen, with a male to female ratio of 4:1. The oral cavity is the most commonly affected region, followed by the oropharynx. Surgery is the first line of treatment, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, depending on the indications for treatment. The shortest follow-up period was 11 months, while the longest was 31 months. Only five patients were presented with a recurrence of their condition. Conclusion: The diagnosis of spindle cell carcinoma is difficult, and histology in conjunction with immunohistochemistry is required for an accurate diagnosis to be made. The oral cavity appears to be the most common place in the younger age group in the current study, which is consistent with findings from prior studies. It is necessary to do additional research to determine the geographic diversity in clinicopathological characteristics, as well as the optimal treatment regimen for this rather rare entity. Keywords: Spindle Cell Carcinoma, Head and Neck, Young age, Treatment, Outcomes

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the impact of mesioangular mandibular 3rd molar impaction on periodontal health of adjacent tooth in patients. Study Design: Retrospective/observational study Place and Duration: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, MMDC Multan, during from Oct 2020 to September 2021. Methods: Total of seventy patients of both genders was presented in this study. Detailed demographic data of enrolled cases age, sex, body mass index, symptoms and complications were recorded after taking informed written consent. All the patients had mesioangular impactions of mandibular third molars. The impaction depth, relationship with ramus, and angulation of 70 IMTMs and their association with 2nd molar distal caries and root resorption, pathological states, and closeness to the mandibular canal were assessed on panoramic radiographs. Pell and Gregory classification was used to determine position of impacted third molar. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of IMTM's position on the related complications (credible interval for Bayesian models). Statistical significance was defined as a two-tailed p-value 0.05. SPSS 24.0 version was used to analyze complete data. Results: There were 42 (60%) males and 28 (40%) females with mean BMI 23.13±6.46 kg/m2. Most of patients 31 (44.3%) were aged between 20-35 years. Mean attachment level was 3.03±2.34 and probing depth was 3.34±3.35. Caries, pain and swelling were the most common symptoms found among cases. Distal second molar root caries 21 (30%) and pocket formation 17(24.3%) were the most common pathologies. As per histological findings periapical inflammation was majority found in 37 (52.9%) cases followed by dental follicle in 19 (27.1%) and cyst in 11 (15.7%). Conclusion: In this study, we found that the impacted mandibular third molar was most linked with distal second molar root caries and the creation of a pocket between the impacted tooth and the second molar tooth. The most common pathology associated with the impacted molar was distal second molar root caries and the creation of a pocket between the affected tooth and the second molar. Keywords: Mesioangular, Impacted mandibular third molar, Pathology, Complication

Objective: The goal of the study was to report clinical characteristics, contributing variables and outcome of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mucormycosis (CAM). Study Design: Observational/descriptive study Place and Duration: Multan Medical and Dental College and Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College. Duration Jan 2021 to July 2021. Methods: Total 90 patients of both genders had symptoms of mucormycosis during pandemic corona virus disease were presented in this study. Patients were aged between 22-80 years. Patients detailed demographics age, sex, body mass index and duration of disease were calculated after taking informed written consent. Patients were admitted in COVID-19 emergency ward and underwent for RT-PCR and MRI. Comorbidities, symptoms and cause of mucormycosis were assessed. At the end of study mortality rate, hospital stay and ICU admission were calculated. The SPSS 20.0 version was used to examine the entire set of data. Results: Majority of the patients 65 (72.2%) were males and the rest were females 25 (27.8%). Mean age of the patients were 51.42±12.64 years with mean BMI 28.44±8.72 kg/m2. 55 (61.1%) cases had COVID-19 and 35 (38.9%) were recovered from corona virus in this study. Mean duration of mucormycosis was 18.08±7.11 days. Most common symptoms of disease were eye pain/swollen of eyes, nasal stiffness, headache and blurring of vision. Rhino-orbital mucormycosis found in 63 (70%) cases. Majority of the cases were from urban areas 60 (66.7%) and 38 (42.2%) were literate. Diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbidity found in 70 (77.8%). Frequent consumption of the steroids during pandemic disease was the most common cause found in 59 (65.6%) cases. Mortality rate was 32 (35.6%) at the end of study. Conclusion: In this study we found that the complication of COVID-19 in high-risk patients can be mucormycosis. Poor diabetes mellitus is a significant CAM predisposing factor and frequent usage of excess steroids were the most common cause. Systematic surveillance for diabetes mellitus control and to educate the doctors are indicated for early detection of CAM. Keywords: COVID-19, Mucormycosis, Diabetes Mellitus, Steroids, Mortality