Objective:The objective of the current study was to examine the changes in the serum level of some immunological markers in Graves' disease (GD) patients in comparison to healthy controls. In order to evaluate its utility as clinical biomarker of autoimmune disorder as well as to establish the changes of some immunological markers and clinical outcome that is associated with radioactive iodine treatment. Methodology: Serum levels of interleukin-35 (IL-35), anti-TSHR antibody and human insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were measured using ELISA assay. The blood samples were collected from a total of 70 Iraqi GD patients who were enrolled in this study during the period between February and April 2022. They were divided into two groups: The first group involved 35 patients with GD without treatment and the second group involved 35 patients who received radioactive iodine therapy (RAI). In addition, 30 people apparently healthy worked as control group. Results:The results showed a significant decrease in serum levels of IL-35 and anti-TSHR in untreated and treated GD patients as compared to healthy control. The data also revealed that serum level of IGF-1 was higher in untreated GD patients compared to the control group, but it was decreased in treated GD patients. Also, there were a difference at serum levels of IL-35 and TSH-R when compared between the untreated and treated GD patients. Conclusions:The results of IL-35 and anti-TSHR, and IGF-1 levels in the serum of the studied groups suggests the potential anti-inflammatory function of these biomarkers in GD.

Objective: The causes behind graves' disease are still unclear but it is suggested to be the results of a combination of risk factors include genetic and environmental factors as well as immune factors. So, it may be useful to investigate the potential association between some serum biomarkers of greaves disease patients before and after treatment with Radioactive Iodine (RAI). Subjects and methods: Serum levels of Interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-17 were measured using ELISA assay. The blood samples were collected from a total of 70 Iraqi GD patients were enrolled in this study. They were divided into two groups: The first group involved 35 untreated GD patients and the second group involved 35 patients who received radioactive iodine therapy (RAI). In addition, 30 people apparently healthy worked as control group. Results: The hormonal results indicated that before radiation, most of GD patients had greater free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels, and lower TSH levels than healthy controls. Also, there were a significant difference in the lipid levels of TRG and HDL in the GD patients before and after treatment with RAI. The results showed a significant increase in serum levels of IL-2 in untreated and treated GD patients as compared to healthy control. The data also revealed that the serum level of IL-17 was lower in untreated GD patients compared to the control group. There were no significant differences before and after treatment with IL-17 and there were no significant differences observed among studies groups. Conclusions:The results of IL-2 and IL-17 levels in the serum of the studied groups suggests the potential antiinflammatory function of these biomarkers in GD.