Background Modeling studies estimated severe impacts of potential service delivery disruptions due to COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child nutrition outcomes. Although anecdotal evidence exists on disruptions, little is known about the actual state of service delivery at scale. We studied disruptions and restorations, challenges and adaptations in health and nutrition service delivery by frontline workers (FLWs) in India during COVID-19 in 2020. Methods We conducted phone surveys with 5500 FLWs (among them 3118 Anganwadi Workers) in seven states between August–October 2020, asking about service delivery during April 2020 (T1) and in August-October (T2), and analyzed changes between T1 and T2. We also analyzed health systems administrative data from 704 districts on disruptions and restoration of services between pre-pandemic (December 2019, T0), T1 and T2. Results In April 2020 (T1), village centers, fixed day events, child growth monitoring, and immunization were provided by <50% of FLWs in several states. Food supplementation was least disrupted. In T2, center-based services were restored by over a third in most states. Administrative data highlights geographic variability in both disruptions and restorations. Most districts had restored service delivery for pregnant women and children by T2 but had not yet reached T0 levels. Adaptations included home delivery (60 to 96%), coordinating with other FLWs (7 to 49%), and use of phones for counseling (~2 to 65%). Personal fears, long distances, limited personal protective equipment, and antagonistic behavior of beneficiaries were reported challenges. Conclusions Services to mothers and children were disrupted during stringent lockdown but restored thereafter, albeit not to pre-pandemic levels. Rapid policy guidance and adaptations by FLWs enabled restoration but little remains known about uptake by client populations. As COVID-19 continues to surge in India, focused attention to ensuring essential services is critical to mitigate these major indirect impacts of the pandemic.

One of the most common and deadly cancers in the world, colorectal cancer (CRC) caused around 881,000 melanoma deaths in 2018. The third most frequent cause overall cancer-related death worldwide is colorectal cancer (CRC). A difficult issue related to chemotherapy is the subsequent adverse effects brought on by the toxicity of conventional medications. Location-specific/targeted distribution of chemotherapeutic medicines precisely to the afflicted site of something like the colon in a foreseeable and reliable way is obviously of concern. For many years, cancer sufferers' initial choices have been surgery and chemotherapy. The prognosis for CRC, particularly for those with metastatic tumours, has never been satisfactory. A recent optional strategy called targeted therapy has been effective in extending patients with CRC's overall survival. Following achievements with the anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) agent cetuximab and the anti-angiogenesis agent bevacizumab, new drugs that inhibit several important pathways and immune checkpoints are being developed at an unheard-of rate. The growing number of high-quality clinical trials is being used as a basis for updating guidelines worldwide regarding the recommended targeted medications. An overview of current CRC-targeted drugs and their underlying processes is given in this review, along with a discussion of their drawbacks and potential directions. Keywords: Colorectal cancer, Chemotherapeutic medicines, Bevacizumab, Cetuximab,

In ancient time people used plants as drugs. They used parts of plants like leaves, fruits, roots, stem, flowers, seeds, bark or whole plant. Traditional medicine is known as the primary health care in the world, about 70% of developing countries depends on the plant based treatment. In current scenarios most of the institutes promoting the use of plant based medicines. For the treatment of kidney stone tribal people uses several plant or juice of the plants for example Momordica charantia, Moringaolieferia, Amnivisnaga, Terbulusterrestris, Dolichosbiflorus, Arvalanata, Cotusspiralis,Vaccinumoxycoccos, Coriendrumsativum, Embelicaofficinalis, Petroselinum crispum, Barosmabetulina etc. Keywords: Kidney Stone, Herbal Treatment, Medicinal Plants, Antioxidants, Uric Acid, UTIs, Cysteine, Struvite, Diuretics

Because of their putative safety, nutraceuticals have sparked tremendous interest. Nutraceuticals are nutritional supplements that are used to improve health, postpone aging, prevent disease and support the healthy functioning of the human body. Nutraceuticals are currently gaining popularity due to their nutritional and medicinal properties. They are classified as dietary supplements or herbal bioactive substances based on their source. Herbal nutraceuticals aid in the maintenance of health and the promotion of optimal health, longevity, and quality of life. Nutraceuticals have demonstrated encouraging results in the treatment of a variety of ailments, including cancer, neurological diseases, cardiovascular disease, and others. The current review provides an overview of several bioactive substances that operate as nutraceuticals (carbohydrates, lipids, edible flowers, alkaloids, medicinal plants, etc.) and their involvement in health benefits. Focus on the need for appropriate diets, health issues associated with failure to adhere to known healthy eating models, development of new nutraceuticals/functional foods/food supplements with novel health benefits, elucidation of mechanisms of action of these products, and to define and understand the analytical, formulation, and regulatory aspects of nutraceuticals. The use of nutraceuticals in the prevention of certain diseases has also been addressed. Keywords: Nutraceutical, Dietary supplements, Herbal bioactive compounds, Application

Cancer is a leading cause of death and poor quality of life globally. Even though several strategies are devised to reduce deaths, reduce chronic pain and improve the quality of life, there remains a shortfall in the adequacies of these cancer therapies. Among the cardinal steps towards ensuring optimal cancer treatment are early detection of cancer cells and drug application with high specificity to reduce toxicities. Due to increased systemic toxicities and refractoriness with conventional cancer diagnostic and therapeutic tools, other strategies including nanotechnology are being employed to improve diagnosis and mitigate disease severity. Over the years, immunotherapeutic agents based on nanotechnology have been used for several cancer types to reduce the invasiveness of cancerous cells while sparing healthy cells at the target site. Nanomaterials including carbon nanotubes, polymeric micelles and liposomes have been used in cancer drug design where they have shown considerable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic benefits in cancer diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we outline the commonly used nanomaterials which are employed in cancer diagnosis and therapy. We have highlighted the suitability of these nanomaterials for cancer management based on their physicochemical and biological properties. We further reviewed the challenges that are associated with the various nanomaterials which limit their uses and hamper their translatability into the clinical setting in certain cancer types. Keywords: Nanomaterials, Nanotechnology, Cancer, Diagnosis, Treatment.