Background: This is a case study of 70 cases admitted in our hospital post covid-19 infection with different complaints and signs and symptoms indicating Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral-mucormycosis (ROCM). Materials and Methods: All the cases were again screened for COVID infections and comorbidities like Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension or any other immunocompromised state. The level of involvement like nasal cavity, septum, turbinates, sinuses, pterygopalatine fossa, palate, orbit or any cerebral involvement was noted and the protocol of medical and surgical management was decided in accordance to that. Post surgery KOH mount and HPE report, CT and MRI findings were the major pillars in this regard. Results: In 100% of cases we did middle meatus antrostomy with partial middle turbinectomy and in 57% cases we did medial maxillectomy with Modified Denker’s.Rest middle meatus mega antrostomy with ethmoidectomy with partial middle turbinectomy & full house FESS was done in 21% of cases. Conclusion: The first step in the management of mucormycosis is to have a high index of clinical suspicion especially in those with COVID- 19 who have diabetes mellitus, and who have received systemic corticosteroids while on treatment.

Achalasia cardia (AC) is one of the rarely seen disorders of esophagus motility which happens as a result of degeneration of neurons which is irreversible. Treatment is mainly of palliative nature, and no complete curative treatment is available as of now. The diagnostics and therapeutics in this direction has strengthened mainly due to high-resolution manometry and per-oral endoscopic myotomy, referred to as Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM).The characterization of type of achalasia cardia is made easier by high-resolution manometry as we have mentioned, which also has an important therapeutic role. Achalasia has to be managed for each patient individually, and the role of pneumatic balloon dilatation, POEM, or Heller’s myotomy needs to be reconsidered. In our case report and brief review, we discussed the main aspects of diagnosing an OPD-based patient and a brief review of achalasia cardia.

Introduction: This is a case study of 61 cases admitted in our hospital to study the various etiologies of vocal cord immobility (including both paralysis and paresis of vocal cord) and to study the incidence of vocal cord immobility.Vocal cord paralysis is a common symptom of the disease which can be originated from laryngeal nerve paralysis following laryngeal carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, bronchogenic cancers, thyroid neoplasms, surgical procedures in neck and thorax, post anaesthesia complication,or neurologic diseases. Materials and methods: The present study includes all the cases having vocal cord paralysis presenting in out-patient department of Otorhinolaryngology, examination of larynx externally,by indirect laryngoscopy and direct laryngoscopy was done.All the routine and systemic examination were done. Results: In our study, left vocal cord was the most commonly involved and was observed in 40(65.5%) patients, with neoplasm being the most common cause in 19(31.1%) patients. Right vocal cord involvement was found in 20(32.8%) patients, with neoplasm being the most common cause in 13 (21.3%) patients. The ratio of left side and right side involvement of vocal cord was 2:1 in our study. The longer course of the Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve might account for the difference. Conclusion: In our study the etiology which was found to be more common was neoplasms then that of idiopathic causes. The reason behind this could be advanced investigation procedures which allows us to do a thorough work upon any case, but even after that we have found some of Idiopathic causes as well.