Background: Varicocele is the possible cause of 35% primary infertility, 70-80 % secondary and it is associated with progressive and duration dependent decline in testicular function. The aim of this study was to assess the postoperative outcome of varicocelectomy and determine positive impact on ability to reduce infertility.Methods: Twenty-five infertile male patients with varicocele, their age range from (20-40) year mean (30 year), were included and evaluated prospectively and retrospectively in Al-Karama teaching hospital from 2013-2016. Patients were divided in present study according to age of patient, degree of varicocele, duration of infertility and type of infertility. Site of varicocele was either left unilateral or bilateral. All the patients were treated surgically using three different approaches; Retroperitoneal approach, Inguinal and Sub inguinal approach and Scrotal approach.Results: It is noticeable that scrotal swelling was the most frequent complication and infection was the second highest. According to the age of patient, it was shown that beneficial effect of the Varicocelectomy was most favourable among younger age group. It is observables that favourable outcome was better among those with secondary fertility. It was found that grade III varicocele was associated with better outcome in terms of pregnancy and sperms motility.Conclusions: Scrotal swelling and infection was the most highly reported complication. Favourable effect of the Varicocelectomy was most among younger age group, secondary fertility and grade III varicocele.

Background: Posterior urethral strictures remain an everyday challenge in urological practice. Different types of operations to repair the stricture have different outcome concerning re-establishment of the urethral function and anatomy. Posterior urethroplasty is one of the frequently chosen operations. The aim of this study is to reveal indications, results and complications of posterior urethroplasty performed on fifteen patients with long posterior urethral strictures in a major urological center.Methods: Fifteen male patients have undergone anastomotic perineal urethroplasty for long posterior urethral strictures in the period from September 2010 to August 2016. The patients age ranged between 12-42 years (mean =28). They were referred to Al-Karama urological center from emergency hospitals, and Al-Hussain teaching hospital came to medical consultation to the center with established strictures. They were evaluated thoroughly pre-operatively with cystogram and retrograde urethrogram (RUGs).Results: Success rate was 66.7%. The follow-up period was short, no patient needed re-operation. Most had normal caliber urinary stream and required no optical urethroplasty or dilation. Failure noticed in two patients, one of them developed impotence post-operatively.Conclusions: The study concludes that open perineal urethroplasty remains the gold standard for the management of long posterior urethral strictures.