The nanocellulose fibril produced by using natural sources can be used in developing sustainable and green products. The useful features of nanocellulose fibril can include valuable physical properties, appropriate surface chemistry, low toxicity, and biocompatibility. The study presented shows the use of polylactic acid with five different percentages of nanocellulose fibril and the use of 3% maleic anhydride as a coupling agent. The maleic anhydride acts as coupling agent which improves the thermochemical and thermomechanical characteristics of the end product. The addition of 3% maleic anhydride as coupling agent with 10% nanocellulose fibril improved the impact strength up to 14.3%, elastic modulus up to 40.6%, and tensile strength up to 30.1%. Furthermore, the dynamic mechanical analysis result indicates that the inclusion of maleic anhydride improved the toughness by reducing the tan δ peak and increases the storage modulus. Finally, the scanning electron micrograph shows that the interfacial compatibility between nanocellulose fibril and polylactic acid matrix is improved with the addition of maleic anhydride.

The necessity of utilizing biodegradable and naturally sourced materials is rising all over the world. The preferred composite today are mostly sustainable but compatibility issues between the matrix and fiber still requires further investigation. The study presents development of Jute fiber (JF) reinforced Polylactic acid (PLA) composite with Fusabond (FB) as an interfacial modifier by using extrusion. The addition of interfacial modifier enhanced the thermomechanical and thermochemical properties of resultant composite. The improvement in elastic modulus and tensile strength is evident when 30%JF with 3%FB was utilized. The DMA result shows that the addition of Fusabond as interfacial modifier in jute fiber reinforced polylactic acid composite improves the storage modulus and enhances the toughness by reducing tanδ peak. Furthermore, SEM micrograph demonstrates the improvement in interfacial suitability between jute fiber and polylactic acid matrix when Fusabond is added. The X-ray tomography result shows when jute fiber content is 30% in PLA matrix higher degree of anisotropy is achieved which is 29%.