Introduction : Diabetes is a constantly evolving chronic disease, with a prevalence of 8.5% in 2014 compared to 4.7% in 1980 corresponding to 422 million the number of adults living with diabetes in 2014, compared to 108 million in 1980. Its early management is necessary to avoid these disastrous complications. Thus, Primary Health Care Establishments are the first gateway for this care. It is essential to describe the profile of this management at local level for diabetes control measures adapted to the local population.Objective : This study aims to describe the epidemiological and therapeutic profile of diabetes at the Primary Health Care Establishments level in the prefecture of Sidi Bernoussi during the year 2018.Methodology: We carried out a descriptive observation study based on data from the 4 quarterly epidemiological surveillance reports for diabetics in the year 2018. Including all diabetics screened and cared for at public health of the prefecture of SIDI BERNOUSSI during the year 2018.Results : The proportion of prevalent cases at Sidi Bernoussi's primary health care establishments level represented 2% of the desert population and is dominated by the age group of [40-59 years] (39.9% of cases). The new cases recruited during the year 2018 are dominated by the female sex of the same age group with a sex ratio of 1.95 for 1 man. Diabetes complications are dominated by hypertension (70% of complicated cases), Oral Antidiabetics are used 54% in the management of diabetics against 1% for hygiene and diet measures alone.Conclusion : We recommend to integrate data from the private sector at the level of the prefectural health directorate of Sidi Bernoussi to have a better real view of the epidemiological situation in the prefecture. In addition, the implementation of the National Multisectoral Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases 2019 - 2029 and the Multisectoral Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases 2016-2025 at the local level must be accentuated on early diagnosis allowing care based more on lifestyle. Finally, this present study would be improved by a prospective and analytical study in the prefecture.