No excessive complications are seen with closed hemorrhoidectomy, and diathermy seems to require less postoperative analgesic medicine than scissors for closed hemorrhoidectomy except in the first 24 hours.

To evaluate the effect of black seed oil, as add-on treatment to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), on seizure frequency and severity as well as oxidative stress in intractable epilepsy patients. Methods. A prospective, randomised, single-blinded, controlled, crossover pilot study. Five healthy children were included as controls. Thirty intractable epileptic children were randomly assigned to either Group I or II. Group I received placebo for four weeks, followed by a two-week washout period, and subsequently black seed oil for four weeks. Group II received the same intervention but in the reverse order. All patients received AEDs throughout the study period. Prior to allocation, all patients underwent a neurological assessment and evaluation of oxidative stress markers; total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialehyde (MDA). Patients were assessed at Weeks 4 and 10 for oxidative stress markers and seizure frequency and severity. Results. At baseline, both groups (I, II) had significantly lower serum TAC levels relative to healthy controls (p=0.007), while MDA levels were unchanged. After the 4-week period of black seed oil administration, there was no significant difference between the two groups with regards to seizure frequency, severity, or oxidative stress markers (TAC and MDA; p>0.05). Eight patients had >50% reduction in seizure frequency/severity after black seed oil versus placebo. Conclusion.Children with intractable epilepsy show evidence of oxidative stress. Administration of 40-80 mg/kg/day of black seed oil as add-on therapy did not alter either oxidative stress markers or seizure frequency or severity in intractable epileptic patients.

Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is an invaluable tool for identifying sites of obstruction for patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). During DISE, the patient is in a state of drug-induced sleep, and a flexible laryngoscope is passed through the nose into the upper airway. Sites of obstruction are visualized and scored to guide surgical management. Currently, there is no universally accepted method of DISE analysis and scoring. This limitation in comparability impedes large-scale analysis between clinicians, institutions, and studies. In this report, we propose a standardized method of scoring and performing DISE in children with OSA. Our DISE scoring system is internally developed, consistent through the study, and addresses all levels of potential upper airway obstruction.

In this study, we aimed to determine the correlation between costs/charges related to admissions for pediatric tonsillectomy in New York State (NYS) and variables including discharge year, All Patient Refined (APR) severity of illness, length of hospital stay, payment typology, location, race, and institutional factors during 2009-2017. Methods Data were extracted from the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) Hospital Inpatient Discharges database developed by the NYS Department of Health. Statistical analysis was employed to determine multiple linear regression coefficients with the costs and charges set as the dependent variable.

Ibrahim et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.