Convenient and highly selective hydrogenation of azoarenes using molecular hydrogen to access diverse hydrazoarenes is reported. The present catalytic method is general, operationally simple, and operates under exceedingly mild conditions...

Efficient and highly selective isomerization of glucose to fructose was achieved by using the inexpensive Ba−Zr mixed metal oxide catalyst. Catalyst was prepared by varying Ba−Zr ratios using co‐precipitation method. Various phases formed, planes exposed, morphology, elemental composition and particle size, basic site density and strength, oxidation state of elements were well studied by using various characterization techniques. The XRD analysis clearly indicates the presence of Ba+2 and Zr+4 in the form of BaO, ZrO2 and BaZrO3 phases. The SEM and HR‐TEM images indicate that, Ba−Zr (2 : 1) catalyst prepared showed uniform morphology with spherical and rod‐shaped particles ranging from 300 to 600 nm. Under the optimized reaction conditions Ba−Zr (2 : 1) catalyst exhibited excellent results in terms of 57 % of glucose conversion with 89 % selective formation of glucose. The presence of both acidic as well as basic sites play vital roles in activating the substrate molecules to selectively yield fructose. Ba−Zr (2 : 1) catalyst showed excellent recyclability performance up to four recycles.

Effectual waste utilization from plant as well as marine biomass has gained tremendous importance with reference to sustainability. The valorization of marine biomass produces value added compounds containing not only C, H, O but also renewable N atom in the skeleton which widens the scope for its exploration which may prove to be economically bene cial to the society. Heterogeneous catalytic transformation of marine biomass i.e. N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) to N-substituted aromatic heterocyclic is reported for the very rst time. Cost effective and stable metal oxide catalysts were deployed for the transformation. Catalyst screening study showed that La 2 O 3 was found to be an excellent catalyst for N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) dehydration which mainly produced 3-acetamidofuran (3AF). The physicochemical properties of the metal oxide catalyst were investigated by various techniques such as XRD, FTIR, MeOH-FTIR, TPD, SEM, N 2 sorption studies and HR-TEM analysis for structure activity relationship. The effect of various reaction parameters such as catalyst concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time and solvent effect on dehydration of N-acetyl glucosamine has been studied in detail for higher yields. The results revealed that the presence of weak basic sites which are Brønsted in nature and nano pores present on the surface were responsible for improved dehydration of the chitin biomass to selectively yield 3-acetamidofuran (3AF). La 2 O 3 catalyst showed optimum 50% 3AF yield from N-Acetyl glucosamine at 180 ºC in 3h. E cacious exploitation of marine biomass to value added chemicals using heterogeneous catalyst through simple route and easy separation of N-substituted heterocyclic aromatics is the most innovative aspect of the current study. Thus, utilization of heterogeneous catalyst and renewable biomass as a raw material indicates a transition towards more sustainable and greener approach. Statement Of NoveltyAs marine biomass is abundantly available on valorization widens its scope for production of value added products and platform chemicals. As far as sustainability and green synthesis is concerned we report for the rst time dehydration of NAG to renewable N-containing furan derivatives by heterogeneous catalyst without use of any additives, ionic liquids or boron compounds. The catalyst showed high stability, easy separation and excellent recyclability upto 5 cycles. The co-operative effect of Brønsted basicity and nanopores on the catalyst play vital role in (100 %) NAG conversion to yield 50 % 3AF and 20 % 3A5AF. 3AF and 3A5AF may nd application as precursors for the synthesis of naturally occurring antibiotic and antitumor drug proximycin A, B and C, amino sugars, pyridine derivatives etc.

Effectual waste utilization from plant as well as marine biomass has gained tremendous importance with reference to sustainability. The valorization of marine biomass produces value added compounds containing not only C, H, O but also renewable N atom in the skeleton which widens the scope for its exploration which may prove to be economically beneficial to the society. Heterogeneous catalytic transformation of marine biomass i.e. N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) to N-substituted aromatic heterocyclic is reported for the very first time. Cost effective and stable metal oxide catalysts were deployed for the transformation. Catalyst screening study showed that La2O3 was found to be an excellent catalyst for N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) dehydration which mainly produced 3-acetamidofuran (3AF). The physicochemical properties of the metal oxide catalyst were investigated by various techniques such as XRD, FTIR, MeOH-FTIR, TPD, SEM, N2 sorption studies and HR-TEM analysis for structure activity relationship. The effect of various reaction parameters such as catalyst concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time and solvent effect on dehydration of N-acetyl glucosamine has been studied in detail for higher yields. The results revealed that the presence of weak basic sites which are Brønsted in nature and nano pores present on the surface were responsible for improved dehydration of the chitin biomass to selectively yield 3-acetamidofuran (3AF). La2O3 catalyst showed optimum 50% 3AF yield from N-Acetyl glucosamine at 180 ºC in 3h. Efficacious exploitation of marine biomass to value added chemicals using heterogeneous catalyst through simple route and easy separation of N-substituted heterocyclic aromatics is the most innovative aspect of the current study. Thus, utilization of heterogeneous catalyst and renewable biomass as a raw material indicates a transition towards more sustainable and greener approach.