In this study, we focus on the question of stability of NISQ devices. The parameters that define the device stability profile are motivated by the work of DiVincenzo in [9] where the requirements for physical implementation of quantum computing are discussed. We develop the metrics and theoretical framework to quantify the DiVincenzo requirements and study the stability of those key metrics. The basis of our assessment is histogram similarity (in time and space). For identical experiments, devices which produce reproducible histograms in time, and similar histograms in space, are considered more reliable. To investigate such reliability concerns robustly, we propose a moment-based distance (MBD) metric. We illustrate our methodology using data collected from IBM's Yorktown device. Two types of assessments are discussed: spatial stability and temporal stability.
A silver powder of submicron size was produced from the aqueous solutions of its compounds. The silver compounds tried out were silver nitrate and silver oxide, and the reducing agents employed were dimethyl formamide (DMF), hydrazine hydrate, and sodium azide. The solvent mediums were distilled water for the reductions with DMF and sodium azide, and a 2:1 (by volume) mixture of distilled water and ethanol for the reductions with hydrazine hydrate. Of the three reductants, hydrazine hydrate (N 2 H 4 AEH 2 O) alone was successful in reducing both the silver compounds to a submicron (<500 nm) metallic silver powder, as revealed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. Additionally, the thermodynamic equilibrium of the system AgNO 3 -N 2 H 4 AEH 2 O in the water-ethanol mixture (2:1) was studied at 298 K; the equilibrium constant data so generated was found to compare very well with those derived from the established data of enthalpies and free energies of formation, and half-cell potentials. The following activity coefficient (Raoultian)-composition relationship for hydrazine hydrate in its dilute solution in water (plus ethanol) at 298 K is proposed: lnðc N 2 H 4 :H 2 O Þ ¼ 1862ðAE371Þ À 2055ðAE424Þð1 À X N 2 H 4 ÁH 2 O Þ 2
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