The ability of either 0.5% betaxolol (1 drop topically, bid; n=31) or a combination of 0.25% demecarium bromide and a topical corticosteroid (gentamicin/betamethasone) (DB/GB; 1 drop of each topically, sid; n=55) to prevent glaucoma in the fellow eye of dogs with unilateral, primary closed angle glaucoma (PCAG) was investigated in a multicenter, open-label, clinical trial. Untreated control dogs (n=20) developed glaucoma significantly sooner (median, eight mos; p less than 0.001) than dogs treated either with DB/GB (median, 31 mos) or betaxolol (median, 30.7 mos). Although DB/GB and betaxolol equally delayed or prevented the onset of glaucoma in the second eye, a less frequent dosing schedule for DB/GB suggests demecarium bromide in combination with a topical corticosteroid may be preferable to betaxolol in preventing PCAG in dogs.

Retinal detachment is common in dogs and presents major challenges for the veterinary ophthalmologist. This article reviews recent advances in both technology and technique that have greatly increased the success rate of retinal reattachment surgery. Internal and external techniques for the repair of retinal detachments are discussed, as is the etiopathogenesis of vitreoretinal disease in the dog.

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of prophylactic random transscleral retinopexy (PRTR) in preventing rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in the Bichon Frise with juvenile cataract. The medical records were reviewed from a private veterinary ophthalmology practice of nondiabetic Bichon Frise dogs younger than 11 years that had inherited cortical cataracts in one or both eyes and that had a follow-up examination after at least 9 months. Eyes were included in the study if the fundus could be visualized by indirect ophthalmoscopy at the last examination either because of phacoemulsification or resorption of the cataract. Four groups of eyes were identified. In group 1, no PRTR was performed and there was resorption of the cataract; in group 2, eyes had no PRTR performed and phacoemulsification of the cataract. Group 3 had PRTR performed and resorption of the cataract. In group 4, PRTR was performed as was phacoemulsification of the cataract. In group 1, 20 eyes had resorbed cataracts, and 12 (60%) of these had RRD. In group 2, 18 eyes had phacoemusification of the cataract, and 10 (55%) of these had RRD. In group 3, 19 eyes had PRTR and resorbed cataracts, and 2 (10%) of them had RRD. In group 4, 39 eyes had PRTR and phacoemulsification of the cataract; of these 5 (12%) had RRD. The Bichon Frise dog with inherited cataract is at high risk of RRD. PRTR reduces this risk.

There are numerous reports in the literature of feline intraocular neoplasms. Metastatic and secondary (hematopoietic tissue origin) tumors are described most commonly, and lymphosarcoma is most regularly mentioned.8 Primary intraocular neoplasms in cats are rare, with melanoma of the anterior uvea representing the most common type.7 Intraocular sarcomas other than melanomas are rare; osteosarcoma, 6,10 chondrosarcoma, 8 fibrosarcoma, l and poorly differentiated spindle cell sarcomal 1,4 have been described. Chronic uveitis or previous ocular trauma years before usually precede the sarcomas.1,4 Most of the sarcomas had diffuse involvement of the eye with effacement of much of the normal architecture. All had various degrees of scleral invasion, with occasional extension into the orbit. Vascular invasion or metastasis occurred in some of the cases. These sarcomas were not described ultrastructurally. In this report, we present histologic and ultrastructural descriptions of an intraocular sarcoma in a cat.A 13-year-old castrated male domestic short hair cat was in apparent good health except for a 4-year history of intermittent uveitis and glaucoma of the right eye. The eye was treated with medications for uveitis and glaucoma, including intraocular injections of gentamicin. A recent examination of the eye revealed a mass in the posterior and vitreous chambers that protruded into the anterior chamber. The globe was enucleated and submitted for histologic examination.Gross examination of the formalin-fixed eyeball revealed a firm, tan, multilobulated 2.1-x 1.5cm intraocular neoplasm in the vitreous and posterior and anterior chambers. The tumor appeared to arise in the nasal and inferior portions of the eye, incorporating the iris, ciliary body, and retina. Detached portions of retina floated free in the vitreous chamber. Horizontal sections of the eye were cut to ensure inclusion of the mass in the plane of section. Six-micrometer sections of the eye were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin (PTAH). Additional sections were examined by an avidin-biotin complex (ABC) peroxidase technique for actin and myoglobin. A piece of the ocular mass was prepared for transmission electron microscopy.Histologically, the neoplasm invaded the cornea, iris, ciliary body, and sclera. Clumps of neoplastic cells were observed in emissary veins. Examination of the HE-and PTAHstained tissue sections revealed pleomorphic cells arranged From Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals,

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