Hair analysis is an accurate, low cost and non-invasive method of determining the level of essential mineral elements (Cu, Mn, Zn and Pb), as well as toxic burden. Because hair is also susceptible to external contamination from the environment, hair should be washed before analysis. Having done so, sruface contgaminatin would be removed before starting the analysis. The core objective of this study was testing the effectiveness and aggressiveness of three washing procedures on the hair. This testing aimed at comparing the degree of removing the external trace elements caused by environment from the hair. The conclusion that was drawn from this discussion was that combining the two procedures (natural and chemical), may have effective results concerning eliminating the external trace elements and saving the procedure removed effectively all external contaminants, without being too aggressive on the hair. This procedure did not remove the elements incorporated into the hair matrix, as trace elements in the organism.
Seasonal variation on chemical parameters of well water at Draa Lasfar region (Marrakech, Morocco) was studied. A total of 144 samples were collected between 2012 and 2013 and were analyzed for temperature (T°), pH, total hardness (TH), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrates, Cd, Pb, and Zn. Significant difference between seasons was observed for these parameters. Highest temperature (28.72±3.16) was recorded during summer. COD and Zn concentration was recorded maximum during summer (167.25±31.05 mg/l, 131.4±12.0 µg/l respectively). Highest nitrates (2.67±0.75 mg/l) concentrations were recorded during spring. Highest Pb (632.14±82.54 µg/l) and Cd (1.93±0.36 µg/l) concentrations were recorded during winter. Alternating seasons can be likened to small-scale climate change. Therefore, the impacts of this change on quality of water resources include particularly the modification of parameters values. The main drawn conclusion is that a degradation trend of well water quality in the context of climate change can lead to an increase of at-risk situations related to potential health impact.
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