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In this manuscript, we have designed a circular photonic crystal fiber (PCF) having three rectangular holes filled with GaP in the core region, three air hole rings and one annular air ring in the cladding region. We found highest negative dispersion for the 1.8 μm pitch along with very low confinement loss at wavelength 1.55 μm. This designed PCF offers high nonlinearity (39,612 W −1 km −1 ) and high negative dispersion (− 6586 ps nm −1 km −1 ) along with zero confinement loss at 1.55 μm wavelength. We also compared the proposed PCF with the previously published PCF structure and found that the nonlinearity and negative dispersion of the designed PCF are very high in comparison to circular air hole based PCF. Other performance parameters viz. birefringence, numerical aperture, effective area, and effective material loss are also analyzed.

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A photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with four circular rings of air holes expanded toward the cladding region is proposed. Four circular tiny air hole rings have been used between the air holes in a regular circular PCF to achieve low dispersion (D) and confinement loss (CL).Additionally, the core region is perforated with a rectangular-shaped hole filled with an extremely nonlinear material, gallium phosphide (GaP), to achieve the desired level of nonlinearity. We achieved extremely high nonlinearity and birefringence values of 4.6104 W -1 km -1 and 0.078 at the 1.55µm telecommunication window by doing so. Further, we observed the structure with varying pitch (Ʌ) values and found a significant reduction in dispersion and confinement loss, as well as a decrease in effective material loss (EML). Thus, at 1.55 µm, an ultra-high negative dispersion of -8000 ps/nm.km is achieved, particularly with Ʌ=1.8µm, along with extremely low confinement and material losses of 10 -9 dB/km and 0.017 cm -1 , respectively. Similarly, other critical parameters such as the power fraction, numerical aperture, and effective area have been examined. Hence, owing to these enhanced optical properties, the proposed PCF is capable of effectively compensating for dispersion, generating supercontinuum, and maintaining polarization.

In this manuscript we designed a circular photonic crystal fiber (PCF) having three rectangular holes filled with GaP in the core region, three air hole rings and one annular air ring in cladding region. We found highest negative dispersion for the 1.8µm pitch alongwith very low confinement loss at wavelength 1.55µm. This designed PCF offers high nonlinearity (39612 W-1km-1) and high negative dispersion (-6586 ps nm-1 km-1) alongwith zero confinement loss at 1.55µm wavelength. We also compared the proposed PCF with the previously published PCF structure and found that the nonlinearity and negative dispersion of the designed PCF are very high in comparison to circular air hole based PCF. Another performance parameters viz. birefringence, numerical aperture, effective area and effective material loss are also analyzed.