Routing protocol is a central issue in Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET). Several routing protocols have been proposed to deal with the routing issue in MANETs. Routing is a complex task in MANET, if the network is heavily loaded. In this study a new QoS routing protocol is proposed which provides better path selection by avoiding congestion, balancing the load and energy. It minimizes the communication overhead without reducing the network performance. Simulation results show this preemptive link state DFS spanning tree QoS source routing protocol achieves better performance than OLSR and DSDV.

A method of simulation and modeling outer rotor permanent magnet brushless DC (ORPMBLDC) motor under dynamic conditions using finite element method by FEMM 4.2 software package is presented. In the proposed simulation, the torque developed at various positions of the rotor, under a complete cycle of excitation of the stator, is analysed. A novel method of sinusoidal excitation is proposed to enhance the overall torque development of ORPMBLDC motor.