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We present Payload Content based Network Anomaly Detection, we call as PCNAD. PCNAD is an improvement to PAYL system which is considered one of the complete systems for payload based anomaly detection. PAYL takes into consideration the entire payload for profile calculation and effectively for anomaly detection. Payload length is very high on port numbers like 21 and 80. Hence it is difficult to apply PAYL on high speed, high bandwidth networks. We use CPP (Content based Payload Partitioning) technique which divides the payload into different partitions depending on content of payload. PCNAD does payload based anomaly detection using a few CPP partitions. We demonstrate usefulness of the PCNAD on the 1999 DARPA IDS data set. We observed 97.06% accuracy on port 80 using only 62.64% packet payload length with small false positive rate. This is a significant improvement over PAYL approach which uses 100% of the packet payload for anomaly detection.

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Organic fiber-based biocomposites have gained prominence in a variety of sectors over the last four to five years due to their exceptional mechanical and physical properties. Natural fiber-based composites are increasingly being employed in autos, ships, airplanes, and infrastructure projects. The current study will look at the effect of nanotitanium oxide (TiO2) fillers on the properties of hybridised jute-hemp-based composites. In this work, TiO2-filled biocomposites were created using the hand layup method in hybrid jute-hemp composites containing jute fiber mats, woven hemp mats, and epoxy resin. After nanotitanium oxide fillers were injected in various weight proportions, the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced polymers were investigated. The mechanical properties of laminated composites were tested using the ASTM standard. Compared to 2 and 4 wt.% of TiO2, the 6 wt.% was provided the highest mechanical strength. Among the different types of specimen, the E-type specimen (30 wt.% of hemp, 7 wt.% of jute, 57 wt.% of epoxy, and 6 wt.% of TiO2) gives their highest contribution, i.e., for tensile 24.21%, for flexural 25.03%, and for impact 24.56%. The scanning electron microscope was utilized to analyse the microstructures of nanocomposites.