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DFGKRS is feasible for large AVMs with a fair nidus obliteration rate and acceptable toxicity. Cumulative prescription dose seems to be the most significant independent predictor for outcome following DFGKRS with 29-30 Gy resulting in a fair nidus obliteration with least adverse events.

Purpose: To quantify retinochoroidal vascular parameters using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCTA) in quiescent posterior and panuveitis. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, subjects with quiescent posterior and panuveitis underwent fundus imaging using SS-OCTA (DRI Triton®, Topcon, Japan). The metrics calculated were fractal dimension (FD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, retinal vascularity index (capillary density index-CDI), and choroidal vascularity index (CVI). Results:We included 38 eyes of 20 patients, 9 males aged 34.7 ± 10.5 years, 30 eyes of 30 age-and gendermatched healthy controls, 10 females aged 33.6 ± 8.5 years. Comparing patients with controls, we found a lower FD (p < .001), larger FAZ (p > .001), lower CDI in the superficial plexus (p = .019), and lower CVI (p < .001). We also found lower retinal and choroidal and thicknesses (p < .001 and p = .025, respectively). Conclusions: Patients with quiescent posterior and panuveitis have a significantly reduced retinochoroidal vascular density compared to healthy control subjects.

Aim: There is no universal grading system for age-related cataracts. 'Lens Opacities Classification System III' (LOCS III), the current gold standard, requires lengthy training, is not time or costeffective and can have poor patient cooperation. These challenges are compounded in resource poor settings. In this study, we explore the OQUAL™ grid as a potential lens grading system compared to the gold standard to overcome these constraints. Method: Pensioners aged over 49 years in Mekelle, Ethiopia were offered a free eye examination and involved in the study if a cataractous lens was present. The degree of crystalline lens opacity was graded using LOCS III and the OQUAL™ grid. Bland-Altman plots were constructed to investigate agreement between both methods of cataract assessment. Results: Bland-Altman plots demonstrated good agreement between both both methods for pure nuclear sclerotic (NS) cataracts. There was weak agreement between both methods for other lens opacity with no systematic bias. A significant association with visual acuity was demonstrated with both OQUAL™ (Chi2=79.0 p=0.019) and a composite LOCS III score (Chi2=73.7 p=0.004). Conclusion: This study confirms the OQUAL™ method bears comparison with LOCS III in predicting visual acuity and good agreement exists between the methods when assessing pure NS cataracts which are regarded as difficult to diagnose and grade. The OQUAL™ system detects severe cataracts with worse visual acuities, it is portable, simple, objective, cheap and requires a shorter training period than LOCS III. This allows for large-scale screening, case-finding or research to be conducted in a time and cost effective manner as OQUAL™ can be utilized by a technician on a largescale.

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