A survey on time performance of different types of construction projects in western Maharashtra was conducted to determine the causes of delay and their importance according to each of the project participants, i.e., the owner, consultant and the contractor. Sixty four causes of delay were identified during the research. It seems that the problem is common and notable as 72% of the total infrastructure projects reported by all the respondents were delivered late, whereas only 28% were completed on time. Clients' respondents indicated that 59% of the public projects they were involved in were delivered late. Consultants' respondents reported that 62% of the projects they were involved in were completed late. Contractors' respondents also share the same view and articulated that 77% of the projects they are involved in exceeded the preset duration. The top five important causes of construction delays in transportation infrastructure projects are mainly Land Acquisition, Environmental Impact of the project, financial closure, Change orders by the client, Poor site management and supervision by contractor .Respondent's opinion about the contribution towards the delay is 50 % respondent feels that delay in the construction in mainly due to the contractor. 40 % of respondent feel that client is mainly responsible for the delay in construction projects. And only 10 % of respondent feel that delay mainly occur due to consultant. It is evident that consultant as a mediator has less responsibility in construction delays.

ABSTRACT

India is a developing country, with a population of about 1,387,297,452. India requires a lot of energy both for development and running all its systems smoothly. Most of the energy consumed in India is in electrical form. The electrical energy consumption of India is around 1,137.00 billion kWh of electric energy per year. When counted per person, this energy comes to an average of around 841 kWh. When looking at the tactical data given out by the Indian government, 80% of the total electrical energy is produced using fossil fuels, even though there is a lot of abundant availability of renewable energy here in India. This paper studies the various renewable energy sources currently utilized in various sectors in India. This paper looks at the effect of technical efficiency gains on energy use in industrial, agricultural, and other sectors in India, at varying levels of aggregation. This paper gives the present status of energy sources and utilization areas. Although around 80% of the average temperature zone is available in the Indian subcontinent, the electrical energy produced in India via solar energy is less than around 1.3% of total consumption. India currently produces 63.730 GW, which is very less when compared to the total energy required. Similarly, India produces 32 GW of electrical energy from the wind sector, which is very little compared to the total energy consumption.